The three-dimensional liver matrix for tissue engineering

Abstract

Introduction. According to The World Health Organization in 2012, about one-third of the world's population has serological evidence of hepatitis B infection (VHB). Terminal stage liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma caused by VHB, leads to 0.5-1 million deaths per year. Worldwide viral hepatitis B is considered the 9th cause of death and represents 5-10% of all liver transplantation. That's why the phenomenon is perceived as significant global issues in public health. The growing of people number who need the liver transplant and the insufficiency of organ donors, as the advancement in bioengineering has enabled the development of new therapeutic strategies which involve generation of functional artificial organ, obtained by the decellularization technology and create extracellular matrix and their subsequent recellularisation. Aim of the study. To obtain a liver matrix by decellularization and to maintain its vascular tree. Materials and methods. As the object of this study served rat livers (n=9) which were subjected to decellularization with sodium dodecyl sulfate solution (SDS) 0.1 and 0.5% and the combination of sodium dodecyl sulfate 0.1% to 0.5% and anticoagulant. Subsequently, the extraction of nucleic acids was performed according to the protocol QIAamp Blood Mini Kit (2003). Results. After the liver tissue decellularization we obtained the liver matrix. The quantification of nucleic acids revealed the existence of a small amount of DNA 1.04 ± 0.43 ng/μl, * p<0,05 in decellularised matrix with SDS solution and anticoagulant. In case of decellularization by SDS exclusively, we obtained a larger amount of nucleic acids which revealed a less efficient decellularization 5.2 ± 2.19 ng/μl, * p <0.05. Conclusions. The use of detergent SDS with anticoagulant for decelularisation is more effective method in comparision with only SDS solution, which was proved by quantification of nucleic acids content in decellularised matrix. A more efficient decellularized liver tissue represent a 3D bioconstruction for future recellularisation.