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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12710/14236
Title: Tratamentul complex al leziunilor cutiei toracice la pacienții cu politraumatism
Other Titles: Complex treatment of thoracic injuries in polytrauma patients
Authors: Kusturov, V.
Kusturova, Anna
Paladii, Irina
Issue Date: 2011
Publisher: Asociaţia chirurgilor “Nicolae Anestiadi” din Republica Moldova
Citation: KUSTUROV, V., KUSTUROVA, Anna, PALADII, Irina. Tratamentul complex al leziunilor cutiei toracice la pacienții cu politraumatism = Complex treatment of thoracic injuries in polytrauma patients. In: Arta Medica. 2011, nr. 3(46), pp. 150-151. ISSN 1810-1852.
Abstract: Una dintre cele mai grave leziuni în structura politraumatismului este asocierea cu trauma cutiei toracice. Material şi metode: Studiu efectuat asupra 148 pacienți cu politraumatism: lezarea grilajului costal, organelor cutiei toracice, abdomenului; fracturile oaselor bazinului, etc. Cauzele traumei: în 81,76%-accidente rutiere, 14,19%- catatraume; 4,1%-leziuni de uz casnic. Pacienții examinați în conformitate cu algoritmul adoptat, efectuată radiografia cutiei toracice, USG cavității pleurale, spirograma. Fracturile coastelor la 148 de pacienți: multiple-136(91,89%), unice-12(8,1%); unilaterale- 97(65,54%), bilaterale-51(34,46%); depistate fracturi: sternului-16, clavicula-32, scapula-23, extremitățile superioare-68, bazinul-104 şi extremitățile inferioare-87 cazuri. S-a constatat: pneumotorace-13(8,78%), hemotorace-43(29,05%), hemopneumotorace-69(46,62%) şi fără complicații-23(15,54%) cazuri. Succesul în tratamentul depinde de restabilirea rapidă a căilor respiratorii, decolabarea pulmonilor şi eliminarea sângelui, aerului din cavitatea pleurală, “stabilizarea valvulei costale” şi anestezia ulterioară adecvată. După optimizarea indicilor hemodinamici a fost efectuată stabilizarea grilajului cutiei toracice, osteosinteza fracturilor sternului(n=14), claviculei(n=32), scapulei(n=16) şi coastelor(n=12), în legătura cu menținerea deformației peretelui cutiei toracice. În perioada de reabilitare se menținea permiabilitatea căilor respiratorii. În acest scop, se efectua sanarea tracheobronşială cu bronhoscopia terapeutică cu expectoranți şi substanțe bronholitice, inhalarea de aerosoli şi terapia magnetică. Concluzia: Analiza rezultatelor tratamentului sugerează, că trauma cutiei toracice la pacienții cu leziuni multiple prelungeşte perioada preoperatorie(13,31±1,2zile). Principalele motive: distrugerea masivă a grilajului cutiei toracice, complicată cu hemoragie intrapleurală(n=112), pneumonie posttraumatică(n=14) şi tromboza ramurilor mici ale arterei pulmonare(n=5).
Associated thoracic injuries are one of the most severe lesions in the structure of polytrauma. Materials and methods: We present treatment outcomes of 148 polytrauma patients with rib cage and thoracic organ lesions, abdomen injuries, fractures of the pelvis and extremities bones. The cause of trauma was: traffic accident (81,76%), fall from height (14,19%), habitual trauma (4,1%). A complex examination was performed according to our algorithm also included thoracic X-ray with rib fractures marks, ultrasound of the pleural sinuses, spirography. Rib fractures were in 148 cases, multiple- in 136(91,89%) patients. Unilateral rib fractures were in 97(65,54%) cases, bilateral– in 51(34,46%). Fractures of the sternum were in 16 cases, clavicle– 32, scapula– 23, upper limbs– 68, pelvis – 104, lower limbs – 87. Pneumothorax was in 13(8,78%), hemothorax - 43(29,05%), hemopneumothorax - 69(46,62%). Complications were absent in 23(15,54%) patients. The success of treatment depends on quick restoration of the airways and lung excursion, elimination of blood and air from the pleural cavity, removal of paradox breath, “rib valve stabilization”, following by adequate anesthesia. Stabilization of the rib cage, osteosynthesis of sternum (n=14), clavicle (n=32), scapula (n=16) and ribs (n=12) were performed after hemodynamic optimization and removal of the respiratory insufficiency. The airways were maintained during the rehabilitation period. Sanitation of the tracheobronchial tree with the use of therapeutic bronchoscopy was performed, expectorant and bronchodilator drugs, inhalations were used, etc. Conclusions: chest trauma in patients with multiple injuries increases preoperative period by 13,31±1,2 days. The main causes were massive lesions of the rib cage complicated with intrapleural hemorrhage (n=112), posttraumatic pneumonia (n=14), thrombosis of the small branches of pulmonary artery (n=5).
URI: http://repository.usmf.md/handle/20.500.12710/14236
ISSN: 1810-1852
Appears in Collections:Arta Medica Vol. 46 No.3, 2011 ediţie specială



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