Hemorrhage in the 3 stage of labor and postpartum. Mothers health

Abstract

Introduction. Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a major reason for maternal complications and deaths worldwide. The overall prevalence of PPH worldwide is estimated to be 6-11% of births with substantial variation across regions. It occurs due to issues in one of four fundamental processes, with uterine atony being the most prevalent. PPH is defined as blood loss exceeding 500 mL following vaginal birth and 1000 mL following cesarean. PPH is frequent and may happen in patients with no identified risk factors. Aim of study. The study aims to investigate hemorrhage during the third stage of labor and postpartum, focusing on its impact on maternal health. Methods and materials. For the study, available online medical platforms such as PubMed Databases, The Global Library of Women’s Medicine, Scopus and other scientific libraries were analyzed. Were selected and analyzed 40 articles including case studies and reviews, published in the last 10 years. Results. The most common etiology of PPH is uterine atony which occurs in about 80% of cases. Atony may be related to overdistention of the uterus, infection, placental abnormalities or bladder distention. There are also clinical factors associated with uterine atony such as polyhydramnios, multiple gestation and prolonged labor, may lead to a higher index of suspicion. Other causes of PPH include retained placenta or clots, lacerations, uterine rupture or inversion, and inherited or acquired coagulation abnormalities. Conclusion. In conclusion, the study highlights the substantial impact of hemorrhage during the third stage of labor and postpartum on maternal health. Addressing this issue is crucial for improving outcomes and necessitates ongoing research and effective intervention measures. deaths worldwide. The overall prevalence of PPH worldwide is estimated to be 6-11% of births with substantial variation across regions. It occurs due to issues in one of four fundamental processes, with uterine atony being the most prevalent. PPH is defined as blood loss exceeding 500 mL following vaginal birth and 1000 mL following cesarean. PPH is frequent and may happen in patients with no identified risk factors. Aim of study. The study aims to investigate hemorrhage during the third sta ge of labor and postpartum, focusing on its impact on maternal health. Methods and materials. For the study, available online medical platforms such as P ubMed Databases, The Global Library of Women’s Medicine, Sco pus and other scientific libraries were analyzed. Were selected and analyzed 40 articles including cas e studies and reviews, published in the last 10 years. Results. The most common etiology of PPH is uterine atony which occurs in about 80% of cases. Atony may be related to overdistention of the uterus, infect ion, placental abnormalities or bladder distention. There are also clinical factors associat ed with uterine atony such as polyhydramnios, multiple gestation and prolonged labor, may lead to a higher index of suspicion. Other causes of PPH include retained placenta or clots, lacerations, ute rine rupture or inversion, and inherited or acquired coagulation abnormalities. Conclusion. In conclusion, the study highlights the substantial impact o f hemorrhage during the third stage of labor and postpartum on maternal health. Addr essing this issue is crucial for improving outcomes and necessitates ongoing research and eff ective intervention measures.