http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/15877 2026-04-12T04:17:45Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/16915 Title: The Moldovan Medical Journal. March 2021, Vol. 64, No 1 Abstract: The Moldovan Medical Journal is an international scientific double-blind peer-reviewed periodical edition, 4 per year, of the Scientific Medical Association of the Republic of Moldova designed for specialists in the areas of medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, social medicine, and public health. From its debut, the journal has striven to support the interests of Moldovan medicine concerning the new concepts of its development. The Editorial Board warmly welcomes both the readers of and the authors of the journal, all those who are enthusiastic about searching for new and more effective ways of solving numerous medical problems. We hope that those who want to make their contribution to the science of medicine will find our journal helpful and encouraging. Description: Founder: The Scientific Medical Association of the Republic of Moldova 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/16054 Title: Angioarchitecture of the major duodenal papilla and its relevance for endoscopic sphincterotomy Authors: Pitel, Eleferii; Suman, Serghei; Gutu, Evghenii Abstract: Abstract. Background: The advantages of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) over traditional surgery for correction of various biliary and pancreatic pathologies became apparent immediately after its introduction into large clinical practice and today are also not in doubt. ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) are characterized by efficacy similar to open surgery, but significantly less traumatic, relatively easy, a decrease in the degree of perioperative surgical and anesthetic risk, and a reduction in the time of in-hospital treatment and postoperative recovery. However, therapeutic ERCP with EST can be complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding, the degree of which can range from mild to very severe and even life-threatening. Although the greatest risk for the development of bleeding after EST is caused by preexisting coagulopathy, the anatomical features of the arterial blood supply to the pancreaticoduodenal region and major duodenal papilla should also be taken into account during the endoscopic procedure. Conclusions: The communicating artery, directly vascularizing the area of the major duodenal papilla, usually originates from the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery and entering in the anterior pancreaticoduodenal arcade. The smallest number of papillary arteries, distributed in potential accessibility to the sphincterotomy incision, is located in the zone between 10 and 11 o’clock of the papilla Vater circumference. Hence, the preferred performance of EST in this area can be accompanied by a significant reduction in the risk of arterial bleeding after ERCP. Description: Medical Center Sanatate of Minimally Invasive Surgery and Echography, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova, Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy, Department of General Surgery, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/16040 Title: Diagnostic markers of urinary bladder tumors Authors: Vladanov, Ivan; Pleșacov, Alexei; Colta, Artur; Ghicavii, Vitalii Abstract: Abstract. Background: The perfect method for laboratory diagnosis of bladder cancer should have high sensitivity and specificity, should be easily reproducible, inexpensive, be suitable for primary diagnosis, screening, and follow-up of patients, for timely detection of recurrence. In clinical practice, for bladder cancer diagnostics have been used the following markers: UBC, BTA, “ImmunoCyt”, NMP22, “UroVision», and others. Each method has relative advantages and disadvantages. The study has demonstrated an influence on the test result of the histological structure and grade of the tumor, presence of hematuria, urolithiasis, chronic inflammatory malignancies, recent surgical procedures on the urinary tract. Apparently, the use of a palette of markers in connection with imaging techniques will increase the diagnostic capabilities, but it is still not clear which elements should be present in such a palette. Conclusions: At present, basic diagnostic methods for bladder cancer remain: USG, MRI, CT, and endoscopic methods. The laboratory methods that exist are not informative enough. Each marker has serious restrictions, but possibly the complex application will allow increasing the diagnostic value in the future, therefore it is necessary to develop new markers of bladder cancer or to study the results of the complex application of several known markers to increase the value of the laboratory diagnosis of primary bladder cancer and recurrent. Description: Department of Urology and Surgical Nephrology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/16039 Title: Predictive molecular markers of resistance to chemotherapy in breast cancer Authors: Cucieru, Valerian Abstract: Abstract. Background: Breast cancer is one of the three most common cancers along with lung and colon cancer. It is a leading cause of cancer deaths in both developing and developed countries. Within 2 decades, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has become a standard treatment option in breast cancer. Relevant articles were identified by means of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Springer Link databases published during the years 2010-2019, describing the role of molecular biomarkers in the assessment of NAC for breast cancer. Conclusions: The size of the breast primary tumor, the affection of the regional lymph nodes, the degree of tumor differentiation, the expression of hormone receptors, HER2neu, ki67 serve as the main criteria for predicting the response to NAC. Preoperative core needle biopsy is the gold standard procedure in cancer diagnostics, in the analysis of predictive biomarkers, particularly utilizing histomorphological characteristics. Carrying out a larger number of cycles of NAC as well as correlating the schemes in relation to the immunohistochemical types have a direct influence on obtaining a good response to treatment. Patients with a pathological complete response had superior survival outcomes compared with patients who had residual disease. Description: Department of Breast Cancer, Institute of Oncology, Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z