http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/20801 2026-04-09T20:01:18Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/23360 Title: Arta Medica. 2022, Nr. 4(85) Abstract: Arta Medica (AM) is a double-blind peer-reviewed scientific journal and represents the official publication of the "Nicolae Anestiadi" Association of Surgeons of the Republic of Moldova. It is designed mainly for surgical specialties, as well as for clinical medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, social medicine and public health. Arta Medica was founded in 2002 by PP “Arta Medica”. At present, AM publishes independently submitted original researches and review articles, clinical studies and cases, lectures, brief reports and correspondence, as well as official papers and editorials, in medicine and health fields, in English, Romanian and Russian languages. AM is a Fully Open Access Journal, accessible online without any embargo period. The printed version is distributed tax free to the members of the "Nicolae Anestiadi" Association of Surgeons of the Republic of Moldova.; Arta Medica (AM) este o revistă științifică dublu-orb recenzată și reprezintă publicația oficială a Asociației Chirurgilor din Republica Moldova „Nicolae Anestiadi”. Este concepută, în special, pentru specialități chirurgicale, dar și pentru medicină clinică, stomatologie, farmacie, medicină socială și sănătate publică. Arta Medica a fost fondată în 2002, de către PP „Arta Medica”. În prezent, AM publică cercetări originale și articole de recenzie, depuse independent, studii și cazuri clinice, cursuri, rapoarte scurte și corespondență, precum și lucrări oficiale și editoriale, în domeniile medicinii și sănătății, în limbile Engleză, Română și Rusă. AM este un jurnal în Acces Deschis, accesibil online fără nicio perioadă de embargou. Versiunea tipărită este distribuită fără taxe către membrii Asociației Chirurgilor din Republica Moldova „Nicolae Anestiadi”. Description: Fondator: P.P. „Arta Medica” 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/23357 Title: Анализ показателей цитогенетического и токсического действия классических мутагенов для контроля мутагенного и потенциально канцерогенного действия химических веществ в воздухе рабочей зоны Authors: Зиновкина, В.М.; Богданов, Р.В.; Василькевич, В.М; Анисович, М.В.; Крыж, Т.И. Abstract: Peзюme Цели. Цитогенетические параметры могут выступать в качестве биологических критериев выраженности эффектов ДНК-повреждающих агентов в различных органах и тканях и быть применимы для гигиенического нормирования мутагенов. Материалы и методы. Проведены исследования цитотоксических и цитогенетических показателей легочных смывов, периферической крови, клеток костного мозга, клеток крови крыс, получавших мутагены (циклофосфамид, митомицин С, нитрозо-N-мочевина) пероральным и ингаляционным путями в субхроническом и хроническом эксперименте в максимально и минимально выбранных дозах, установленных экспериментальным путем. В ходе проведения токсикологического эксперимента, для выбранных мутагенов использовали батарею тестов: тест на индукцию хромосомных аберраций, микроядерный тест и полиорганный метод ДНК-комет. Была проведена также токсикологическая оценка действия изучаемых мутагенов на основе ключевых гематологических и клинико-лабораторных биохимических показателей, характеризующих функциональное состояние органов и систем организма. Результаты. Проведенные научные исследования позволили установить маркеры цитогенетического действия классических мутагенов и возможность их применения для обоснования коэффициента запаса при гигиеническом нормировании химических веществ в воздухе рабочей зоны: - маркером цитогенетического (кластогенного) эффекта митомицина С является увеличение числа лейкоцитов с мелкими микроядрами в периферической крови на фоне отсутствия токсического действия; - маркером цитогенетического эффекта нитрозо-N-мочевины в периферической крови является увеличение числа лейкоцитов с микроядрами и признаками нарушения митоза на фоне отсутствия токсического действия и индукции микроядер в эритроцитах; - маркером цитогенетического эффекта циклофосфамида является увеличение числа клеток с микроядрами и признаками нарушения митоза в смывах легких на фоне отсутствия общетоксического действия; Выводы. Полученные данные показывают информативность цитогенетических тестов в качестве молекулярно-биологических критериев в изу- чении мутагенности канцерогенов и в последующем обосновании коэффициента запаса для потенциальных мутагенов и онкогенов при гигиениче- ском нормировании химических веществ в воздухе рабочей зоны.; Summary Objective. Cytogenetic parameters can act as biological criteria for the severity of the effects of DNA-damaging agents in various organs and tissues and be applicable for hygienic regulation of mutagens. Materials and methods. Cytotoxic and cytogenetic parameters of pulmonary swabs, peripheral blood, bone marrow cells, and blood cells of rats treated with mutagens (cyclophosphamide, mitomycin C, nitroso-N-urea) by oral and inhalation routes in a subchronic and chronic experiment. A battery of tests was used: chromosomal aberrations assay, micronucleus assay, multi-organ DNA comet assay. A toxicological assessment of the action of the studied mutagens was also carried out on the basis of key hematological and biochemical parameters. Results. The conducted scientific research allowed to establish the markers of the cytogenetic action of classical mutagens and the possibility of their use to justify the safety factor in the hygienic regulation of chemicals in the air of the working area: - a marker of the cytogenetic (clastogenic) effect of mitomycin C increase in the number of leukocytes with small micronuclei in the peripheral blood against the background of the absence of toxic effects; - a marker of the cytogenetic effect of nitroso-N-urea in peripheral blood is an increase in the number of leukocytes with micronuclei and signs of mitosis disorders against the background of the absence of toxic effects and induction of micronuclei in erythrocytes; - a marker of the cytogenetic effect of cyclophosphamide is an increase in the number of cells with micronuclei and signs of impaired mitosis in the pulmonary lavage against the background of the absence of a general toxic effect. Conclusions. The data obtained show the information content of cytogenetic tests as molecular biological criteria in the study of the mutagenicity of carcinogens and in the subsequent substantiation of the safety factor for potential mutagens and oncogenes in the hygienic regulation of chemicals in the air of the working area. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/23355 Title: Brugada syndrome and job fitness: report of three cases Authors: Candura, Stefano M.; D’Amato, Luca; Mazzanti, Andrea; Scafa, Fabrizio Abstract: Summary Introduction. Brugada syndrome is an inherited arrhythmogenic disorder predisposing patients to a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Specific guidelines on the health surveillance of affected workers are lacking. Objective. By presenting three illustrative cases, we propose an interdisciplinary approach for the clinical and functional evaluation of Brugada syndrome workers, aimed at continuing the occupational activity, by formulating appropriate prescriptions and limitations. Materials and methods. The subjects were investigated with an interdisciplinary protocol including 24-hour Holter electrocardiography with modified precordial leads, pharmacological test with ajmaline, molecular genetic analysis, electrophysiological study with ventricular stimulation, risk stratification, and occupational medicine evaluation. Results. The first case is a female 42 year-old company manager with positive ajmaline test and CACNA1C gene mutation (judged fit for the job with limitations regarding work-related stress); the second is a male 44 year-old welder with positive ajmaline test, SCN5A gene mutation, and associated OSAS (obstructive sleep apnea syndrome), who was advised to refrain from night shifts and driving company vehicles; the third subject is a male 45 year-old electrical technician with inducible ventricular tachyarrhythmia, who was implanted with a biventricular cardioverter defibrillator, and therefore recommended to avoid exposure to electromagnetic fields and working at heights. Conclusion. Patients with Brugada syndrome may come to the attention of the occupational physician. In this circumstance, the collaboration with an expert cardiologist allows to define the functional capabilities and the arrhythmogenic risk, and to formulate the judgment for job fitness. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/23353 Title: Study of biomarkers of transformation in cell culture as criteria for assessing the carcinogenic potential of chemicals Authors: Anisovich, M. Abstract: Summary Objectives. Tests for neoplastic cell transformation imitate some of the in vivo steps of multi-stage carcinogenesis process and can detect both genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens in vitro. But there are a number of issues that hamper consensus on test approval. The aim of this work was to investigate the possibility of using biomarkers of cell transformation in culture as criteria for evaluating potential carcinogens in a test for neoplastic cell transformation. Materials and methods. The proposed assessment of transformed cells in culture in the described methods is purely subjective in nature (morphological features, cell orientation relative to each other). Thus, the development of new approaches to the identification of transformed cells will increase the prognostic efficiency of neoplastic cell transformation. Results. Cell lines of transformed and normal embryonic muscle-skin fibroblasts of mice, a Syrian hamster were obtained and characterized. Cultures of transformed cells were obtained at passage 8-12 of culturing cells from the “foci” of the cell layer with signs of transformation (random orientation of cells in a monolayer, lack of contact inhibition between cells and the formation of “foci” of cells). A comparative analysis of the levels of proliferative activity was carried out. Histochemical indices for cadherin and integrin were established. The analysis of changes in the total area of the colonies and the morphology of transformed and normal cells after 8 days of cultivation was carried out. Conclusions. The data obtained led to the conclusion that a change in indicators such as proliferative activity (an increase in the mitotic index by an average of 17%), an increase in the number of cells and the area of colonies, the level of ROS in the cells, adhesive ability (changes in the expression of adhesion molecules) are characteristic features of transformed cells and can be used as additional markers and criteria in neoplastic cell transformation. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z