http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/27983 The 10th International Medical Congress for Students and Young Doctors, 24-27 April, 2024 2026-08-31T16:43:17Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/29004 Title: Assessment of the cases of postpartum hemorrhage in multiparous women Authors: Cemortan, Maria; Bubulici, Cristina; Vicol, Maria-Magdalena; Grajdean, Elena; Scripnic, Gabriela; Manic, Milena Abstract: Introduction. Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the leading obstetric complications, affecting 5-15% births. Being a major factor in maternal mortality and morbidity, PPH causes about 25% of maternal deaths worldwide. Aim of study. The aim of the study was to assess the cases of PPH in multiparous women, admitted to the Tertiary Perinatal Center. Methods and materials. The retrospective study was performed by assessing 81 clinical cases of PPH in multiparous women. Total blood loss in labor or C-section was performed by using graduated vessels, and all the sterile material used was weighted. For continuous variables, the mean values and standard deviation of the mean were calculated; the median (Me) as well as the interquartile range (Q1;Q3) in the case of a distribution of characteristics that differs from the normal. Results. The average age of women was 31.6±5.5 years (Me 32 (28;35.5)), varying in the limits of 20-42 years. The majority of participants delivered for the second time - 38 cases (46.9% (95% CI 33.3-59.9)), however, 30 women (37.0% (95% CI 25.9-48.2)) gave birth for the third time, and 13 women (16.1% (95% CI 8.5-27.4)) had 4th – 9th delivery. In 41 cases (50.6% (95% CI 40.7- 61.7)) a c-section was performed. The mean blood loss in vaginal delivery was 850±308 (Me 800 (600;1050)) mL, varying in the limits of 500– 1600 mL. Compared to the mean blood loss in Csection – 1752±1093 (Me 1500 (1100;1850)) mL, varying in the limits of 1000 – 5250 mL. In the structure of PPH there were assessed 26 cases (32.1% (95% CI 20.9-47.0)) of the placental defect or placenta adherens, 15 cases (18.5% (95% CI 10.3-30.5)) of lacerations of the birth canal, 11 cases (13.6% (95% CI 7.4-23.4)) of uterine atonia, and 2 cases (2.5% (95% CI 0-7.3)) of uterine rupture. Hence, in 46 women (56.8% (95% CI 44.6-69.1)) it was applied conservative management of the cases. However, in 20 cases (24.6% (95% CI 15.0-38.1)) an operative management was applied, from which 7 cases (8.6% (95% CI 3.7-14.7)) hemostatic sutures were applied. In 13 cases (16.0% (95% CI 8.5-27.4)) hysterectomy was performed, from which 9 cases (69.2% (95% CI 31.6-100)) subtotal hysterectomy without annexes was the elective method for definitive hemostasis. Conclusion. PPH is a major obstetric complication, which occurs more frequently in multiparous women, in association with placental pathology and birth canal trauma, explained by overextension of the uterus and coagulation disorders, requiring extensive surgical management. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/28810 Title: War and mental health Authors: Eldo, Delix Abstract: Introduction. The world's rhythm abruptly changed in 2022, opening the door to increasingly violent events. Conflicts between two powers, or WAR, inevitably cause hardship for the average person. This entails forcing two or more people to endure severe stress and suffering, which may finally result in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These were present dating back from the ancient wars,but they have been studied only recently. A war may finish on a global scale, but the internal conflict of those who fought in it or who survived it never ends. Aim of study. To analyze the psychological consequences of wartime on individuals and to investigate their after-conflict lives, encompassing their interactions with partners, children, and society broadly. Methods and materials. The book War and Public Health was looked at as a scholarly paper and publication within Google Scholar. This review focuses on Chapter 4 of Evan D. Kanter's manuscript, The Impact of War on Mental Health. Results. Psychological conditions are the concealed scars of conflict. A neurological system injury that can be quite crippling is PTSD. Taking responsibility for individuals with PTSD implies a substantial budgetary cost, and it has detrimental impacts on communities and families as well. The tremendous impact it has on human civilization might persist for generations. Throughout the past three decades, there has been an enormous progress in our understanding of the psychological trauma of war. A certain amount of the negative impact will be alleviated by additional endeavors aimed at improving the identification and management of PTSD and other trauma-related conditions. The challenging task of providing significant intervention in war-torn societies in nations that are developing represents a challenge that is only recently beginning to be tackled. The prevention of war is, in the end, the intervention offering the greatest potential rewards. Conclusion. In accordance with investigations published to this point, PTSD has been connected to enhanced concentrations of androgens and catecholamines in the Cerebrospinal as well as alterations in the amygdala that influence threat perception and provoke hyperreactivity. These astounding findings have resulted in the administration of anticonvulsants as valproic acid, which suppresses amygdala activity, as well as antiadrenergic medication, especially those that block alpha 1 receptors, as PTSD therapeutics. Drugs that cause sleep are also used, except that they solely relieve the symptoms and fail to recognize the root cause. PTSD along with additional psychological problems associated with warfare thus can be effectively addressed. Description: Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, Republica Moldova 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/28815 Title: Diseases prevention and control among healthcare workers Authors: Dascenco, Anastasia Abstract: Introduction. According to WHO Occupational health is an area of work in public health to promote and maintain the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations. According to the national yearbook, the Republic of Moldova counts 12,214 doctors and 23,954 average medical staff, who play a crucial r ole in disease prevention, while being subject to the highest risk themselves. Aim of study. The aim of the study was to investigate the factors that influence the health status and behavior of medical workers, as well as the existing measures and challenges in preventing infections and occupational diseases in their work environment. Methods and materials. A cross-sectional descriptive study was initiated among 100 healthcare workers from different specialties and institutions in the period of September- October 2023, with application of the on-line and paper-based questionnaire consisting of 29 questions. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, such as frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations. Results. The results showed that medical workers face various risks and problems related to their health and work, such as exposure to biological and chemical hazards, physical and mental stress, lack of personal protective equipment, insufficient motivation. Among the participants, 59.1% had not experienced any illnesses due to their working conditions in medicine in the last 12 months; 30.3% had, and 10.6% were unsure. A high or very high level of stress at work was reported by 76.6% of the participants, while 23.4% reported a moderate level. Half of the participants (50.8%) had a neutral perception of the psychological climate at work, while 33.8% had a positive one and 15.4% had a negative one. The study also revealed that medical workers have different levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the prevention of diseases, depending on their age, gender, education, and experience. The majority of the participants (64.1%) rated their colleagues’ infection prevention awareness as high, while 35.9% rated it as medium. Conclusion. The responses indicate that medical workers want better pay and conditions, more respect and support from others, psychological help, relaxation and recreation activities, and improved work organization and management. The study concluded that there is a need for improving the conditions and quality of work, as well as the health education and promotion of medical workers, in order to reduce the incidence and prevalence of diseases among them. Description: Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, Republica Moldova 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/28808 Title: Video games in psychosocial rehabilitation for schizophrenia patients Authors: Covalenco, Diana Abstract: Introduction. Schizophrenia is a lifelong and vigorously disabling condition, described by mental decline, positive and negative symptoms. While antipsychotic drugs and psycho-social interventions have shown efficacy in treating positive symptoms, negative symptoms and cognitive deficits often present ongoing challenges. Cognitive remediation therapies, specifically designed to address cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, have been proposed and found effective. Recent MRI studies indicate that commercial video games can induce changes in brain areas similar to those targeted by specialized training programs. The potential increase in gray matter and functional brain modulations, if translated into improved cognitive and everyday functioning, could make video game training an enjoyable and economically feasible treatment option for individuals with neuropsychiatric disorders. Nowadays video games, including virtual reality, are being explored as therapeutic tools for cognitive and social impairment in schizophrenia. Aim of study. Schizophrenia, a chronic and severe mental disorder, poses unique challenges to both individuals diagnosed with the condition and the healthcare professionals tasked with their treatment. Traditional approaches to schizophrenia rehabilitation often involve a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and social support. However, as we delve into the 21st century, the intersection of technology and mental health is giving rise to innovative methods, with video games emerging as a promising tool in the rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia. Methods and materials. In a review of studies conducted between 2018 and 2023, the benefits of video games for individuals with schizophrenia and related disorders were examined. Results. Active engagement with video games is associated with enhanced aerobic fitness and cognitive performance, potentially leading to improved functional outcomes and quality of life for individuals facing cognitive impairments and social challenges. Therapeutic software, designed for specific therapeutic goals in psychosocial rehabilitation, has demonstrated positive impacts on residual symptomatology, cognitive remediation, social skills, and everyday life activities in individuals with schizophrenia. Conclusion. Thus, while computer-assisted therapy, video games, and virtual reality show promise as adjunctive therapies, their recommendation in the field of psychiatry, particularly for individuals with schizophrenia, remains premature due to the recent and preliminary nature of most studies. However, the evidence quality is low, and more data are required to establish the comparative effectiveness of cognitive approaches and traditional video games in schizophrenia treatment. Description: Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, Republica Moldova 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z