http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/32464 2026-04-13T12:02:56Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/32479 Title: Refractive lens exchange in a patient with high myopia and myopic astigmatism: a clinical case report Authors: Porada, Serghei; Tanurcova, Iulia; Paduca, Ala Abstract: Introduction. Refractive lens exchange is increasingly utilized for visual rehabilitation in patients with high myopia unsuitable for corneal refractive procedures. While effective, refractive lens exchange with intraocular lens implantation significantly improves visual acuity in young patients with high myopia and astigmatism, while maintaining a low risk of postoperative retinal complications, provided that thorough preoperative vitreoretinal assessment is conducted. However, it carries potential risks, notably retinal complications. Case presentation. We present a case involving a 45-year-old female with high axial myopia and myopic astigmatism who underwent bilateral refractive lens exchange with the implantation of monofocal intraocular lenses. Comprehensive preoperative assessments included optical biometry, tonometry, fundus examination, and visual acuity measurements. Postoperative recovery was uneventful in the right eye. However, the patient developed a retinal detachment in the left eye approximately one year post-surgery. This complication was successfully managed with pars plana vitrectomy, endolaser photocoagulation, and silicone oil tamponade, resulting in an improvement of visual acuity to 0.3. Conclusions. Refractive lens exchange can be an effective intervention for patients with high axial myopia but carries a risk of retinal detachment. Thorough preoperative evaluation, meticulous surgical technique, and patient counseling are essential. Prompt detection and management of complications like retinal detachment are crucial for preserving visual outcomes. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/32478 Title: Digital planning in orthodontics. Applicability of the Kau, Pan, Gallerano index in contemporary orthodontics Authors: Trifan, Valentina; Bolgari, Ana; Baiceva, Iana; Trifan, Daniela; Zumbreanu, Irina Abstract: Introduction. Digital planning in modern orthodontics is crucial in contemporary era, as it allows dentists to expand the limits of patients’ diagnosis and clinical treatment. Using tools such as 3D scanners, cone beam computed tomography with various software gives clinicians the opportunity to achieve more precise diagnoses and accurate predictions of treatments. In this way, digital imaging offers a precise localization of impacted canines which allows for the integration and applications of the Kau, Pan, Gallerano index. Material and methods. To assess the applicability of the Kau, Pan, Gallerano index and digital planning in orthodontics, this review evaluates key studies that explore various aspects of the topic. Scientific databases such as Cochrane Library, Medline, Scopus, Medicus, NCBI, PubMed, and Google Scholar were used to find the necessary articles. Research methods like analysis, synthesis, systematization and description were applied. Results. After analyzing the available data, this review presents the benefits and opportunities of digital orthodontics. The findings demonstrate that the Kau, Pan, Gallerano index offers high diagnostic accuracy by effectively categorizing various types of impactions. Moreover, the analysis reveals a strong correlation between the Kau, Pan, Gallerano index scores and successful treatment outcomes, showing that the index with digital technologies improves diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning. Conclusions. The reviewed literature collectively indicates that this index is a valuable tool in contemporary digital orthodontics. Its interdisciplinary connection with digital planning which provides strong predictive value, and its comprehensive assessment approach make it an important component in modern orthodontic practice. Future research should continue to explore the advantages and disadvantages of modern technologies used in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, thus validating their efficiency and their applicability across diverse complex orthodontic cases. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/32477 Title: β-adrenergic agonists and β-antagonists in sport performance: a narrative synthesis of pharmacological effects and anti-doping implications Authors: Chiriac, Tatiana; Pogonea, Ina; Timercan, Tatiana; Jucov, Artiom; Stratulat, Silvia; Tăbîrță, Alisa; Chihai, Victoria Abstract: Introduction. In the context of increasingly intense athletic competition, athletes are motivated to enhance their performance through various methods, including the use of pharmacological substances that act on the adrenergic system. Among these, β2-adrenergic agonists are employed for their metabolic effects and their role in increasing endurance, whereas β-adrenergic antagonists are used in precision sports to reduce tremor and control anxiety. Both classes of substances present potential benefits as well as health risks, and are subject to strict regulations in high-performance sports. Material and methods. A theoretical study was conducted based on the analysis of specialized scientific literature, aiming to evaluate the impact of β2-adrenergic agonists and β-adrenergic antagonists on athletic performance. Additionally, the current regulations of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) were analyzed. Results. β2-adrenergic agonists may contribute to the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis, enhancement of energy metabolism, and delay in the onset of fatigue. However, their use is associated with significant cardiovascular and metabolic side effects. β-adrenergic antagonists are effective in reducing tremor and sympathetic activation in precision sports but may decrease overall exercise capacity and induce bradycardia or chronic fatigue. Improper use of these substances can lead to severe sanctions in the context of athletic competitions. Conclusions. Although β2-adrenergic agonists and β-adrenergic antagonists may offer certain advantages depending on the specific nature of the sport, their use must be strictly medically regulated and comply with anti-doping standards. Careful evaluation of the risk-benefit ratio is essential for safeguarding athletes’ health and preserving the integrity of competition. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/handle/20.500.12710/32476 Title: Contemporary approach to pediatric ovarian tumors Authors: Iliadi-Tulbure, Corina; Caus, Catalin; Marandiuc, Bogdan; Cernetchi, Olga Abstract: Introduction. Pediatric ovarian tumors represent a rare but clinically important category of gynecologic conditions, comprising approximately 1-2% of all childhood malignancies and about 5% of pediatric abdominal masses. While most are benign, a meaningful percentage can be hormonally active, raising diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Due to nonspecific symptoms such as abdominal pain or distension, early diagnosis is often delayed, potentially compromising fertility preservation and long-term outcomes. A multidisciplinary, age-specific approach is essential to optimize management. Material and methods. This study is a narrative literature review based on an extensive search across PubMed, Science- Direct, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar. The search covered the period from 2008 to 2025 and included terms such as “pediatric ovarian tumors”, “germ cell tumors”, “sex cord-stromal tumors”, “diagnostic imaging”, and “fertility preservation”. Inclusion criteria encompassed peer-reviewed, full-text articles in English focusing on patients aged 0-19 years. A total of 20 sources, including clinical guidelines and articles, were selected for their thematic relevance and quality of evidence. Results. Pediatric ovarian tumors show wide clinical and histological variability, with germ cell tumors being the most prevalent malignant subtype. Transabdominal ultrasound is the first-line imaging tool, while Magnetic Resonance Imaging is reserved for complex or inconclusive cases. Tumor markers, such as alpha-fetoprotein, beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, lactate dehydrogenase, and Inhibin B, are essential in differentiating tumor types and guiding management. Surgical decisions prioritize minimally invasive, fertility-sparing approaches when malignancy is unlikely. Long-term follow-up includes hormonal, reproductive, and psychosocial monitoring. Psychological support is particularly important for adolescents. Despite advancements, diagnostic delays, lack of pediatric-specific guidelines, and disparities in care, especially in low-resource settings, remain critical challenges. Conclusions. Pediatric ovarian tumors require an individualized, multidisciplinary management strategy that integrates early detection, age-appropriate surgical care, fertility preservation, and long-term endocrine and psychological support. This review highlights the need for pediatric-specific protocols and improved access to diagnostics to enhance outcomes and preserve the future reproductive potential of affected children and adolescents. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z