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The future of precise and safe eye laser treatment

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Title: The future of precise and safe eye laser treatment Authors: Verega, Florentina Abstract: The actuality of the subjectThe history of the development of laser ophthalmic surgery dates back over 50 years since the American physicist T. Maiman created the first laser based on a ruby crystal back in 1960. Since then, this remains a current topic in ophthalmology, and modern technologies are in continuous development. A new revolutionary stage in this field began in 2009, when for the first time a navigational system was proposed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes - Navilas 577. The purpose of the work - the practical assessment of the working possibilities of the Navilas 577 navigational laser system. Material and methods - a retrospective analysis of laser coagulation procedures performed on an outpatient basis using the Navilas 577 was performed. Results and conclusionsIt is a retinal laser system that brings a number of unique features and benefits thanks to its navigation technology. Here are some of its notable features: High precision and reliability: The Navilas 577 system offers precision and reliability by prepositioning and stabilizing the laser beam on the patient's retina, both for contact and non-contact treatment. Increased speed: Due to the extended field of view and automatic placement of the laser pattern, the Navilas 577 enables the treatment of the peripheral region faster and more efficiently than conventional lasers with pattern scanning. Advanced comfort: The system allows the comfortable application of the laser pattern, optionally under infrared light and without the use of a contact lens. Digital Workflow Integration: Navilas 577 facilitates import of external diagnostic images, digital reporting and DICOM integration. Economic efficiency: Saving time by fast laser application, improving patient cooperation and optimal use of team resources through digital guidance.

Treatment of acute vascular optic neuropathy

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Treatment of acute vascular optic neuropathy Authors: Konovalova, Nataliya; Guzun, Olga; Khramenko, Nataliya; Vasyuta, Vera Abstract: Abstract. Acute optic vascular neuropathy is a poly etiological condition associated with damage to systemic hemocirculation in the body. The frequency of vascular diseases of the optic nerve, leading to poor vision and blindness, has increased, more often in young people. Тhe purpose: to determine the features of the course and treatment of patients with acute vascular optic neuropathy using the Arginine is an amino acid that belongs to the class of conditionally essential amino acids and is an active and versatile cellular regulator of numerous vital functions of the body, showing protective effects that are important in a critical state of the body. Material and methods. Examination 85 patients with acute optic vascular neuropathy (OVN), who were divided into 2 groups: 1 group — 43 patients who, in addition to standard treatment, were prescribed Tivargin-N, 2 group — 42 patients who received only standard therapy. The observation period was 3 months. A standard ophthalmological comprehensive examination of patients with GSON was carried out. All patients underwent acuity and field of vision, ophthalmoscopy, tomography. Arginine exhibits antihypoxic, membrane-stabilizing, antioxidant, antiradical, detoxification activity Results. After 3 months of follow-up in the group of patients with Arginine, a significant moderate relationship was found with the improvement of visual acuity (rs=0.66, p<0.05), total field of vision (rs=0.3, p<0.05). Volume intraocular blood circulation (rs=0.33, p<0.05), as well as an inverse relationship with the number of relapses (rs=-0.22, p<0.05) and complications (rs=-0.45, p<0.05). Conclusions. The improvement of visual functions after adequate therapy with the use of arginine and pentoxifylline influenced the normalization of metabolism in nerve cells, increasing the reserve capacity of nerve fiber recovery. There was an increase in visual acuity after 3 months of observation in the group using Arginine by 2 times. Improvement of visual acuity directly correlated with improvement of hemodynamic indicators, normalization of hemostasis indicators, restoration of visual field after 3 months of observation.

Optic atrophy in children associated with progressive hearing loss. Clinical case and review of literature

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Optic atrophy in children associated with progressive hearing loss. Clinical case and review of literature Authors: Mazur, Liubovi; Cuzneț, Ludmila Abstract: Introduction: Optic atrophy is one of the most common cause of vision loss in children, the differential diagnosis, clinical investigation and genetic testing are of extreme importance to rule out secondary optic atrophy with potentially reversible processes. Aim of study. The report aims to describe the genetic and clinical characteristic of hereditary optic neuropathies through the presentation of a case of dominant optic atrophy with loss of visual acuity associated later with progressive bilateral neurosensory hearing loss. Methods: We summarize current literature, describe genotype and clinical aspect correlations .A systematic literature search was conducted in electronic database PubMed /Medline , and Cochrane Library The analysis of existing literature has been conducted. Conclusion: Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy and Deafness represent a syndromic form of Dominant Autosomal Optic Atrophy, To date OPA 1 is the major gene responsible for Dominant Optic Atrophy accounting for 80% of all the patients. So understanding the molecular pathogenesis of OPA1gene linked to DOA may elucidate many other mitochondrial diseases connected later in life with neurodegenerative progression of glaucoma, Parkinson, dementia and others.

Contemporary treatment strategies for diabetic retinopathy

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Contemporary treatment strategies for diabetic retinopathy Authors: Draganel, Cristina; Dumbrăveanu, Lilia; Cușnir, Vitalie; Cușnir, Valeriu Abstract: The conservative treatment of RD was and is one of the contradictory departments of contemporary ophthalmology. It aims to restore the integrity of the vascular wall (the structure and function of the endothelium and the basement membrane of damaged retinal vessels), reduce microthrombosis (improve microcirculation), prevent the development of retinal ischemia areas and the production of vasoproliferative factor, reduce the risk of newly formed vessels and reduction and/or complete elimination of macular edema. Despite the long history of experimentation and clinical investigations, some preparations still remain of choice and apparently effective, such as: Emoxipine (methylethylperidinol 1%) and Xanthinol Nicotinate / injectable solution 15%. A new molecule, 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine nicotinate, is under investigation, which includes two pharmacophores: 3-hydroxypyridine and nicotinate. The presence of 3-hydroxypyridine provides a complex of antioxidant and membrane-protective effects. Xanthinol nicotinate dilates peripheral vessels, improves microcirculation in retinal vessels and inhibits platelet aggregation. Anti-VEGF agents used in ophthalmology include Bevacizumab (Avastin), Ranibizumab (Lucentis), Aflibercept (Trap-Eye), Conbercept, Abicipar Pegol, Faricimab (Vabysmo, the first bispecific monoclonal antibody for intravitreal use that can neutralize VEGF and Ang-2). A fairly new group are the senolytic drugs, UBX-1325 and UBX-1967, which eliminate senescent cells (cells that resist apoptosis and do not divide but remain metabolically active) without damaging or destroying healthy tissue. Gene therapy, nanotechnology, and digital innovations have made substantial progress in recent decades. Conclusions: Indisputably all patients with RD require specialized treatment by an ophthalmologist, observation and treatment by an endocrinologist. At the same time, tactics change periodically regarding the indications for vitrectomy, such as vitreous hemorrhages, RDP, EM and tractional macular and/or retinal detachment. The treatment of RD is quite complex, not to mention the fact that the conservative one is not so eloquent and fully studied, because such studies require quite a long time. The above-mentioned suggest the idea of developing complex methods or/and a conduct and treatment tactic that will allow partial restoration or improvement of visual functions.