Local medication in acute pericoronitis

Abstract

Introduction. Acute pericoronitis is an inflammatory acute infection that appears as a complication of the eruption process of the wisdom lower teeth, that interests tissues surrounding the crown. The cause of the occurrence of pericoronaritis is the combination of the microbial and traumatic factors due to the partial eruption. Knowing the particularities of the etiology, pathogenesis and evolution of this disease as well as knowing the problems of oral microbiology is of great importance for the dentist in establishing the treatment plan and the more effective control of the infection prevention measures. Aim of the study. Determination of the microbial etiological spectrum, involved in the etiology of acute pericoronaritis, for the evaluation of some pharmaceutical agents, like antibiotics, antiinflammatory drugs or their combination in the septic site elimination. Materials and methods. A prospective clinical trial was conducted on 30 patients with low grade molar eruption pathology, who were referred for surgical treatment to the Dento- Alveolar Surgery Department of the University Dental Clinic nr.2 during 2017-2018. An important direction of the research was to identify the etiological spectrum of microbial agents involved in acute pericoronitis from serous or purulent collections within the 30 patient group. In our study, an antibiogram was made for every patient after collecting the secretions under the third lower molar’s flap.In the laboratory was determined the sensitivity, resistance or indifference to 13 antibiotic agents. Results. The results of microbiological analysis have identified positive polymicrobial cultures in 32.58% of cases and unimicrobial cultures in 67.42% of cases. Unimicrobial cultures showed the presence of Streptococci from the Viridans group. Following the antibiogram, were established that the microbial cultures identified were 100% susceptible to the following drugs: Amoxicillin, Amoxiclav, Ampicillin, Levofloxacin, Cefotaxime and Cefepim . Conclusions. Considering the laboratory tests on the antibiotic susceptibility of microbial flora in the dental inflammation , penicillins (amoxicillin / amoxiclav), cephalosporins, erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracyclines are the most useful and used antibiotics for the identified microflora.