Periodontal manifestations in mandibular cranial syndrome

Abstract

Introduction. The mandibular cranial dysfunctions are pathological entities in which at least one of the components of the dento-maxillary apparatus is not structurally or functionally adapted to its own activity. These disorders include manifestations in the temporomandibular joint or neuromuscular system and occlusal disharmony manifested in the dento-periodontal component of the dento-maxillary apparatus. Unfavorable occlusal relations causes changes to the fundamental positions of the mandible, resulting in non-physiological forces exerting a negative impact on the periodontium manifested clinically and radiologically through: dental mobility, gingival retraction, periodontal bags, widening of the desmodontal space. Aim of the study. The purpose of this study was to identify periodontal signs produced by occlusal trauma and to remove potentially harmful paradontm factors by obtaining a mandibularmaxillary relationship that maintains the health of the dento-maxillary apparatus. Materials and methods. A study based on the clinical, paraclinical and dental treatment of the patients included in the study group was performed. A lot of 20 people with at least one of the following signs considered to be inherited from mandibulo-cranial disorder: dental mobility, pathogenic dental wear, root resorption, widening of the desmodontal space, Stielmann cracks, occlusal parapuncture (bruxism), hypercementhosis , false or true periodontal pockets. The age range most commonly experienced by periodontal suffering from occlusal trauma is between 15 and 45 years with an average of 32.9 years. The study was conducted between 01-02-2016 and 01-02-2018, the ratio of women and men being 16 to 4 in favor of women. Results. During the study, we were able to highlight that primary or secondary occlusal trauma is a cofactor in the production of periodontal disease. In the absence of microbial plaque, occlusal trauma, does not produce gingivitis or periodontitis, and minor periodontal lesions are reversible.The treatment of dysfunctions of the cranio mandibular system is aimed at: occlusal stability, satisfactory mastication, satisfactory phonation and the absence of signs of marginal periodontal suffering. Conclusions. Occlusive trauma occurs when one or more teeth are harmful to excess strain, by intensity, duration, frequency, direction. Occlusal trauma is a cofactor in the production of periodontal disease; therefore, treatment should begin early by correctly identifying the causes of occlusal disharmony and removing them.The purpose of the treatment is to establish the morphofunctional integrity of the dento-maxillary apparatus with minimal biological sacrifice.