Cardiovascular manifestations in primary hypothyroidism

Abstract

Introduction: According to bibliographical sources (Bernadette B. 2012; Kleyn I. 2001; Andronati V. 2011) thyroid hormones have major effects on the cardiovascular system, being (representing) a major clinical problem. The aim of the current study is to highlight the cardiovascular events in patients with primary hypothyroidism. Materials and methods: In the study were included 30 patients with primary hypothyroidism (HT), hospitalized in the department of endocrinology in the Republican Clinical Hospital. Methods: clinical, para clinical (ECG, EchoCG, lipidogram). The group of investigated patients: 90% - women, 10% - men, aged 20-60 years old. The average body mass index was 29.68 (± 5.61) kg /m2, 6,7% of them - loss of weight, 3,3% - no change in weight and 90% - added weight. From the study were excluded patients with previous rheumatic and cardiac diseases, secondary HT, decompensated liver, lung, cancer, kidney diseases. The cause of HT in 63,3% of patients was autoimmune and 36,7% - postoperative. The mean duration of disease (hT) is 9,6 (± 6,5) years old. Discussion results: From the cardiovascular events were observed: dyspnea – 53,3% of patients, cardialgias (46,7%), pericardial effusion (26,7%), extrasystoles (3,3%), bradycardia (6,7%), tachycardia (0%), increased diastolic blood pressure (16,7%), deafened heart sounds (60%), heart failure (46,7%). Elevation of cholesterol (60%) and triglycerides (23,3%). Conclusions: Significant changes in the cardiovascular system in patients with hypothyroidism according to incidence rank are:1. deafened heart sounds, 2.dyspnea, 3.cardialgias and heart failure, 4. pericardial effusion. Also an important element in the diagnosis of impairment of the cardiovascular system in hypothyroidism is elevated cholesterol and less significant elevation of triglycerides. Earlyidentification ensures effective management of treatment with blurring or disappearance of cardiovascular manifestations.