Analysis of clinical-epidemiological and laboratory particularities of salmonellosis

Abstract

Introduction: Increase of salmonellosis morbidity, high infectiousness of the disease, antimicrobial resistance and socioeconomic impact emphasize the importance of systemic revaluation of this problem. Materials and methods: This study includes 66 patients with salmonellosis hospitalized during the period 2013-2015. In this way were created 3 age groups: I group- 1-6 years; II group- 7-18 years; III group- >18 years. Statistical aspects were analized by using the program Epi Info 7.0. Discussion results: Seasonality: mainly in May- September (90%). The most frequent sources: meat products 63,64%, chicken eggs 27,28%. In evolution were certified 2 clinical forms:gastroentiric in 73% and gastroenterocolitis in 27%. In the II group the gastroenterocolitis was found in 5.56% (95CI 0,14-27,29). Repeated vomiting was characteristic to the II and III groups (56%, respectively 61%), but in the group 1-6 years only in 33%. I degree of dehydration 36,36% (95CI 24,87-49,13), II degree 56,05% (95CI 43,3-68,26), III degree 7,58 (95CI 2,51-16,8) without significant differences between age groups. Fever >39.5 was preponderant found out in the first group 1-6 years 20% (95CI 4.33-48.09). Ketonuria most frequent was in the I group 66,67% (95CI 7,79-55,10). Average value of leukocytosis in severe evolution: 6x109/l, moderate evolution: 10,5x109/l. Stool culture: S. enteritidis -91%, S. gr. C -2%, S. typhimurium -8%. Average duration of the treatment was 5 days -54,55%. Nifuroxazide, Ciprofloxacin (including combinations) were used in 71,21% and 53,03% respectively. Conclusion: Patients age influenced clinical form of disease evolution and the degree of intoxication. Degree of dehydration was determined mainly by diarrhea and less by vomiting. There isno correlation between disease severity and leukocytosis value. Antibiotics administration remains an everyday practice of salmonellosis treatment in localized form.