The impact of demyelination on the nervous system

Abstract

Introduction. The present study is devoted to vascular disorders, which cause cerebral circulation disorders, which are manifested by morphopathological changes of the vascular nervous system. Research done is necessary not only from the point of view of theory, but it is also important for practical neurology, for a correct assessment of the changes, produced within norms and in various pathologies. Aim of the study. To study the paravasal and adventitious neurosceptors of blood vessels in some vascular disorders. Materials and methods. This study was made possible by the use of various classical and contemporary histological techniques (macroscopic, microscopic, histological, histochemical) exploration. Results. By investigating the cerebral blood vessel receptor, we mention that in vascular affections the nerve elements in the blood vessels undergo different changes. Nerve fibers, as well as receptors with signs of excitement and even degeneration, have been found on various portions of the vessels in their nervous system. There are reactive changes in the nervous system of the wall of the arteries and their branches. The most pronounced changes are supported by the sensory composition of the vessel's nervous system. Many nerve fibers are intensively impregnated with silver. They become thicker, and sinuous. Various forms of varicose thickening appear along them. The most common are in the composition of adventitial nerve bundles and nerve plexus. Such fibers are intensely colored and thicker, and there are sometimes well-defined thickenings (excitation reaction). Much more pronounced structural changes occur on nerve fibers outside vascular nerve plexuses, which are manifested by impregnation with the presence of well-pronounced thickened portions and thin sections of fibers, which sometimes break. The preterminal portions of the nerve fibers are modified differently. The most common are sinuous, intensely colored, deformed. Also, the terminal portions of the receptors, which are manifested by the appearance of pronounced coloration, to the irregular shape of the thickening, are also modified. Myelin nerve fibers show signs of pronounced argentophilia and uneven outlines, sometimes irregular thickening. Amielin nerve fibers are distinguished by the presence of a large number of varicosities. Conclusion. In conclusion, we can mention that, by studying the nervous structure of the brain's vascular system in the conditions of chronic and acute vascular pathology, changes were detected, which in fact denotes the presence of the reactive and destructive phenomena of the related nerve fibers. The reversible changes are also noted by the receiver in the reflexogenic areas of the vessels.