Disorders in the nutritional status of patients with chronic kidney disease who are on dialysis program

Abstract

Introduction. Today, studying the nutritional status in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease gets a lot of attention. The optimal nutritional status makes it possible to provide a sufficient medical rehabilitation and survival of the patients. The development of protein-energy malnutrition in these patients worsens the prognosis of the disease course and affects the mortality rate significantly. Aim of the study. To study features of the nutritional status in patients with chronic kidney disease who are being on dialysis treatment program. Materials and methods. There were 32 patients with stage V chronic kidney disease under supervision, who are on haemodialysis treatment program in the department of chronic haemodialysis of RCI "Chernivtsi regional clinical hospital." The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals. Patients in all groups were divided according to their age and sex. The duration of the treatment with a substitution therapy was 2,5 ± 1,2 years. The average age of patients was 42,1 ± 3,4 years (from 37 to 49 years). The nutritional status assessment was conducted in accordance with the protocol for diagnosis and correction of malnutrition in patients with stage V D CKD. The assessment of the residual renal function was carried out by the glomerular filtration rate. All the patients were measured their body mass index, a standard body weight percentage, and that of a normal body weight. All the patients had their total cholesterol, TG, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and albumins checked. Results. Analysis of clinical and laboratory parameters in the examined patients showed some disorders in the nutritional status in 31% of patients, while 4% of patients had a pronounced change in their nutritional status. Disorders in lipid metabolism and serum albumin were observed in almost all the patients compared to practically healthy individuals (p <0.05). Conclusions. It has been found that the change in the nutritional status of the patients with stage D V chronic kidney disease was observed in about a third of them. Disorders in the nutritional status affect the level of medical rehabilitation and the course of the disease.