The treatment of chronic marginal periodontitis by using surgical-reconstructive method with adition material "Litar"

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic diseases of the marginal periodontium are the most common disorders of the dento-maxillary system. By the age of 40-50 years, 94-96% of the population are already suffering from this condition. Statistics show that periodontal diseases are 5 times more common after tooth extractions than after caries and its complications. Currently there are two well-defined elements in the etiology and pathogenesis of MCP:1. the level of microbial aggression of the subgingival plaque, 2. susceptibility of the organism to generate an immune response.The plaque is the central factor in the whole chain of events, starting with a healthy periodontal and ending up with an inflammatory process, with the loss of the teeth.

In recent years periodontal surgery has revolutionized the possibilities of selecting methods, tools, technologies, materials that stimulate the regeneration of periodontal tissues (containing collagen, hydroxyapatite, bioceramic-based materials, bone substitutes...), which outlines the fact that the pathology is sufficiently studied, but still there are many differences in patient examination, lack of methods, universal and effective methods of treatment. This has determined us for the study on the issue.

The purpose of the clinical investigations was to argue the implementation of surgicalreconstructive method of treatment by using nanostructural adition material "LitAr" for rehabilitation of pacients with chronic marginal periodontitis.

Materials and methods: Clinical methods of investigation were performed in order to achieve the tasks. The study was performed in the Odontology, periodontology and oral pathology department within SUMPh Nicolae Testemitanu, based on data obtained from 14 patients with chronic periodontitis aged 41-60 (9 women and 5 men). All patients were divided into two groups: first - experimental, consisting of 8 people (flap surgery with the use of hydroxyapatite LitAr), and the secondcontrol group, consisting of 6 patients under a traditionally conservative treatment.

Discussions and results: The results show that surgical methods of treatment of chronic periodontitis marginal, gives better results (98,3%), obtaining from 2 mm to 6 mm of new-formed bone, depending on the localization of the bone defect, while only an improvement of the condition was observed after a conservative treatment (50%). The effectiveness of the surgical methods can be explained by the fact that through this process are solved simultaneously several problems: suppressing periodontal pockets, plastic bone, reconstruction of functional periodontium and removing infection.

Conclusions: According to the algorithm developed in the current study,the complex treatment of MCP provides the desired effect faster than the most widely used methods. An improvement can be obtained by applying a 2-step plan: the first includes conservative therapy, mainly aimed on improving the general condition of patients, the seconds aim is the liquidation of local lesions, realized by surgical methods combined with using of adition material LitAr.