Aspecte dermatologice ale diabetului zaharat, tip I

Abstract

Studiul retrospectiv, realizat pe durata anilor 2011-2015, a cuprins 71 de bolnavi cu diabet zaharat, tip I (vârste – 2-61 de ani; b/f – 34/37). Rezultate. Durata medie a maladiei – 4,5 ani. Repartizarea bolnavilor conform vârstei a fost următoarea: 2-18 ani (lotul I) – 11 cazuri; 19-61 de ani (lotul II) – 60 de cazuri. Spectrul maladiilor cutanate, depistate la bolnavii respectivi, a fost următorul: lotul 1 – dermatită atopică, impetigo contagios, streptodermie uscată, neurodermită circumscrisă, eczemă dishidrozică, onicodistrofi i, vitiligo – câte 1 caz şi acnee vulgară – 2 cazuri; lotul 2 – eczeme, furunculoză, rozacee – câte 6 cazuri, candidoză – 20 de cazuri, prurit cutanat – 5 cazuri, psoriazis, zona zoster – câte 3 cazuri, ulcere arteriale la nivelul gambelor – 2 cazuri, alte patologii (lichen plan, xantoame, porfirie cutanată tardivă) – câte 1 caz. Concluzii. Menţionăm prezenţa maladiilor, cauzate de diminuarea funcţiei de protecţie cutanată şi a mucoaselor, la adulţii cu diabet zaharat, tip I. Studiul efectuat relevă o prevalenţă înaltă atât a candidozei, cât şi a altor maladii – furunculoză, eczeme, prurit cutanat.

A 5 year restrospective study of 71 patients with type I diabetes mellitus (aged 2 to 61 years old; m/f – 34/37) was done. Results. Mean age – 45 years old. In accordance with their age patients were devided in 2 groups: the 1st group included patients aged 1 to 18 years old – 11 cases; the 2nd group was made of patients from 19 to 61 years old – 60 cases. Cutaneous diseases established in patients with type I diabetes milletus ranged, as follows: the 1 st group – atopic dermatitis, contagious impetigo, dry streptoderma, circumscribed neurodermitis, dyshidrotic eczema, nail dystrophy, vitiligo – 1 case of each and acne vulgaris – 2 cases, correspondingly; the 2nd group – eczema, furunculosis, rosacea 6 cases of each disease; candidiasis in 20 cases, pruritus in 5 cases, psoariasis, herpes zoster – 3 cases of each; arterial ulcers in 2 cases and other manifestations – 1 case of each (lichen planus, xantomatosis, porphyria cutanea tarda). Conclusions. It is important to mention presence of dermatoses induced by altered protective function of skin and mucous membranes in patients with diabtes milletus type I. An increased prevalence of candidiasis, as well as other dermatoses, such as furunculosis, eczema and pruritus has been established in the study.