Particularităţile clinice şi de tratament ale gripei noi A (H1N1)

Abstract

Summary. The importance and necessity of the given study was dictated by the fact that Republic of Moldova was involved în the epidemic process of the new A (H1N1) pandemic influenza. To study clinical features and the antiviral efficiency treatment, 39 patients from 19 to 68 years old were included în the study (the overage age was 33,6), men – 18; women – 21, from urban – 18, from rural area – 21 patients. To confirm the diagnosis we analized the anamnestic, clinical, epidemiological and the laboratory data. Haematoleucograma and biomolecular test – detected by PCR of the viral A (H1N1) ARN. The antiviral treatment with tamiflu was initiated, antibacterian, the pathogenic and symptomatic treatment. Antiviral treatment. Tamiflu în the dose of 75 mg was administered orally twice a day în the morning and în the evening after meals. The length of treatment was 5 days în 24 patients; 6 days – în 7; 7 days – în 2; 9 days – în 1 and 10 days – în 5 patients. The average length of antiviral treatment was 6 days. The most frequent symptoms were: fever, faryngian congestion, dry cough and pains în the throat; face tumefaction, injection of the sclerae, lacrimation, pains în ocular globes were seldom. Normocytosis of leucogramme is characterized by left deviation of leucocyte formula, leucopenia being seldom constant. Treatment with Tamiflu was benefic, contributing to the cure of patients.

Резюме. Актуальность изучения состоит в том, что Республика Молдова была вовлечена в эпидемический процесс пандемии нового гриппа A (H1N1). Задача настоящего исследования – это изучение особенностей клинического течения и эффективности противовирусной терапии. Под наблюдением находились 39 больных в возрасте от 19 до 68 лет, мужчин – 18, женщин – 21. Диагноз был поставлен на основании анамнеза, клиники, эпидемиологического анамнеза и подтвержден молекулярно-биологическим методом ПЦР, обнаружением РНК вируса гриппа A (H1N1). Противовирусное лечение проводилось Тамифлу в дозе 75 мг 2 раза в день, утром и вечером после еды. Длительность была 5 дней у 24 больных, 6 дней – у 7, 7 дней – у 2, 9 дней – у одного, 10 дней – у 5 больных. Самые частные клинические симптомы были: лихорадка, гиперемия зева, сухой кашель и боли в горле. Такие симптомы, как одутловатость лица, склерит, боли в глазных яблоках встричались редко. Лечение Тамифлу привело к выздоровлению больных.