Epidural stimulation gives paralyzed patients hopes for a better life

Abstract

Introduction. Spinal cord injury is a damage to spinal cord caused by trauma or diseases. Nerve damages cause loss of function, such as mobility and/or feeling. Rehabilitation consists of exercises, therapeutic methods, and modalities, but none of them returns lost functions. Method. This study is a meta-analysis, literature review of 10 randomized control trails of the last 20 years. All studies have a major focus on the use of electrical stimulation in patients with spinal cord injury. The methodology of studies varies in randomized trails, including 174 patients. Data are extracted from 4 medical data bases. The evaluation is realized with the PED-ro scale. On the other hand we took in consideration 17 case reports diagnosed with spinal cord injury (level C5-C6-C7 and T5-T6 and T7) who received implantation of epidural stimulation device. Device Mapping and therapy were carried out after surgery for 35 days, then patients were discharged. Results. The literature used in this study claimed that electrical stimulation is effective in improving of muscular function, spasticity, and independence in daily living activities. According to PED-ro 3 studies (30%) have 3 points 2 studies, respectively 20%, have medium level 4-6 points and 5 studies (50%) have high level with 7-10 points. On the other hand, 17 people in clinical trial, treated with epidural stimulation, achieved big improvements in balance, coordination, and muscle mass, while bladder and bowel control are not improved. Conclusion. We conclude that epidural stimulation is the best solution for spinal cord injuries.