The influence of standard treatment of patients with acute adenoviral infection on the concentration of interferon-alpha, immunoglobulins of basic classes, the absolute and relative number of immunocompetent cells in the peripheral blood

Abstract

The remedial measures carried out according to a standard procedure adopted at the Chernivtsi base military hospital on 10 male patients aged from 19 to 24 years with acute adenoviral infection (AAI) have demonstrated a positive effect on the clinical course of the disease which was characterized by an improvement of the general level of health of the patients owing to an abatement of the symptoms of intoxication and a disappearance of the signs of the disease. • A course of administered standard treatment of AAI results in an essential tendency, in some cases, towards a reduction of the concentration of interferon-alpha (IFN-a) by 34,0% and immunoglobulins of the basic classes: IgM - by 9,3%, IgG - by 9,1% and IgA - by 10,3%/ A standard treatment administered to patients with AAI during three days contributes to a certain decline in the peripheral blood of the concentration of IFN of type I and immunoglobulins of the basic classes that may influence negatively on the resistance of the patients’ organism to another viral or bacterial infection. Therfore, administering replacement therapy with the inclusion of IFN of type is necessary. Treating patients with AAI by means of a standard method results in an improvement (normalization) of the absolute and relative amount of immunocompetent cells and immunohematological indices and coefficients due to an increase of the absolute and relative number of lymphocytes, the indices of nonspecific antiinfectious resistance and immune antiinfectious defence; a tendency towards a decrease of the absolute number of leukocytes, stab neutrophils, segmentonuclear leukocytes, monocytes and the immunohematologic indices and coefficients. Irrespective of a positive effect of the standard method of treatment of patients with AAI one fails to achieve desired positive results, requiring toupdate this mode of treatment. Proceeding from the results obtained, one can come to a conclusion that this method, despite its efficacy, does not influence the increase of the concentration of endogenous cytokines (interferons) which perform an important antiviral and immunoregulatory function of nonspecific antiinfectious and specific immune antiinfectious defence. Adenoviruses exert an interferonogenic effect - they stimulate the synthesis of endogenous IFN-a, but in case of AAI the standard treatment is not conducive to an elevated concentration of IFN-a, lowering the efficacy of the basic method of treatment. From our point of view, it is advisable to use replacement therapy to improve the results of treatment. Thus, an elaboration of a multimodality treatment of patients with AAI along with the use of replacement therapy of native and recombinant IFN-a against a background of basic standard therapy may improve the process of treating AAI.