The aspects of contemporary treatment of thrombophlebitis

Abstract

Introduction. Thrombophlebitis is, more precisely, an inflammation of the wall of a vein and the formation of blood clots that can lead, over time, to total or partial obstruction of the affected vein and cause embolism (sudden clogging, usually with a clot, of a vessel of blood). Epidemiological data indicate a frequency of about 160 cases per 100,000 population each year, and a frequency of fatal pulmonary embolism per 100,000 population - 60 cases. The symptoms of thrombophlebitis do not appear immediately, but after a certain period of time. In some cases, the first and only manifestation is pulmonary embolism, which, according to some research, occurs in 1.3% of patients and is a major cause of early death in the postoperative period (0.3-1.0% deaths in surgery). Aim of study. Modeling a general direction and contemporary concepts in the administration and monitoring of the specific treatment of thrombophlebitis. Methods ad materials. The observation and the indication sheets of 45 patients were studied and analyzed, hospitalized during 2021 in the VASCULAR SURGERY section of IMSP Republican Clinical Hospital "Timofei Moşneaga". Results. Thrombophlebitis is manifested in most cases among women (65%), while among men only 35% of the 45 investigated. Prevalence by age reflects an increase in the frequency of cases with age and starts at 19-30 years - 15%, a decrease in the age range 31-40 years - 5%, a major increase in the years 41-50 years - 30 % and 51-60 years - 35%, and certified offspring after 60 and 70 years respectively - 15%. This can be determined by the neglect of risk factors and the advancement of age, which is characterized by loss of vein properties, slowing of post-traumatic repair processes, the presence of metabolic disorders - obesity, diabetes. It is observed that 32 patients underwent surgical treatment - safenectomy, the main groups of drugs administered in most cases are: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - 87%, antimicrobial medication - 80%, phlebotonic and opioid analgesics - 65%, anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy - 37%. Due to the potential complications and associated diseases, a wide range of symptomatic remedies have been indicated in order to prevent and exacerbate the installed conditions. Conclusion. Early diagnosis of thrombophlebitis and its associated conditions allows the initiation of treatment and the reduction of the adverse evolution of the process, preventing the occurrence of complications. The principles of thrombophlebitis treatment consist of: balanced diet, medication of etiopathogenic factors (pathogenic, symptomatic therapy and surgical treatment based on the severity of the disease), prevention and treatment of complications, social adaptation of patients and quality of life and treatment.