Minimally invasive treatment of solitary renal cyst

Abstract

Introduction. The solitary renal cyst is an oval or round formation of different sizes, it can be single or multiple, most often unilaterally delimited by a thin membrane, which may contain blood or serous fluid. Aim of study. Study and interpretation of data obtained from the analysis of patients diagnosed with renal solitary cyst in the Clinic of Urology and Surgical Nephrology of the Republican Clinical Hospital "Timofei Moşneaga", during the years 2018-2021 and treated by laparoscopic method. Methods and materials. This research is a descriptive observational study, which analysed data on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with solitary renal cyst, hospitalised in the Clinic of Urology and Surgical Nephrology of the Republican Clinical Hospital "Timofei Moşneaga", during 2018 -2021. The study group consisted of 66 patients. The following indicators were analysed: distribution of cases by age groups, gender, living environment, location, size and classification of cysts. Results. Analyzing the distribution of cases by sex, we found that CRS has a higher incidence among men (59%) than women (41%). During the years included in the 2018-2021 study, 36 cases were registered in rural areas (55%), and in urban areas 30 cases (45%). Analysing the data, we noticed an increase in the incidence of CRS with age. The age of the patients in the study group ranged from 18 to> 65 years. After the anatomical location, the cysts were distributed as follows: upper pole 38 patients (51%), lower pole 20 patients (30%), medial renal 8 patients (12%). Regarding the size of the CRS, after interpreting the data we found that of the total number of patients, most had a cyst of 6-8 cm - 32 patients (49%), 9-11 cm - 18 patients (27%),> 11 cm - 10 patients (15%), 3-5 cm - 6 patients (9%). Analysing the data on the clinical signs present in patients with CRS, we found that the most common symptom is low back pain (62%), followed by hypertension (14%), anatomical defect (11%), hematuria (7%), and asymptomatic (6%). According to the distribution of cases according to the international classification of Bosnia, we established: 52 patients - Bosniak I, 14 patients - Bosniak II, and Bosniak III - no patients. Conclusion. There are currently several treatment methods used in solitary renal cyst, but the minimally invasive laparoscopic method is currently the choice.