Prevenirea cariei dentare la copiii cu sindromul Down

Abstract

Rezumat. Obiective: studierea eficienţei prevenirii cariei dentare la copiii cu sindromul Down. În studiul caz-martor au fost incluşi 16 de copii cu sindromul Down (SD) cu vârste cuprinse între 7 şi 16 ani. S-au studiat indicii de prevalenţă a cariei dentare (IF) şi de experienţă carioasă, evaluarea riscului cariogen a fost realizată prin aplicarea software Cariogram. Măsurile de prevenire a cariei dentare (CD) au inclus: educaţia sanitară, igienizarea ghidată a cavităţii orale şi aplicaţii topice a preparatelor fluorurate. La subiecţii din lotul de cercetare (L1, nr=8) a fost aplicat topic preparatul Gluftored, Vladmiva, care conţine nanofluoruri, iar la copiii din lotul martor (L0, nr=8) - lacul fluorat Belak-F, Vladmiva. Studiul a fost aprobat de Comitetul de Etică a cercetării şi a fost realizat după obţinerea acordului scris al părinţilor copiilor sau reprezentanţilor lor legali. Implementarea măsurilor preventive complexe în decurs de 2 ani, la copiii cu SD din L1 a asigurat reducerea semnificativă statistic a indicatorilor de carie dentară şi risc carios în raport cu lotul L0. Concluzii: a fostdemonstrată eficienţa superioasă a măsurilor preventive complexe care au inclus aplicaţii topice a nanofluorurilor.

Summary. Objectives: to study the effectiveness of dental caries prevention of children with Down syndrome. Sixteen children with Down syndrome (DS) aged 7 to 16 years were included in the case-control study. Indices of dental caries prevalence (DMFT) and caries experience were studied, caries risk assessment was performed by applying Cariogram software. Dental caries (DC) prevention measures included: health education, guided oral cavity hygiene and topical applications of fluoride preparations. To the subjects of the research group (L₁, nr=8) topically was applied solution Gluftored, Vladmiva, that containing nanofluorides, and to the children of the control group (L₀, nr=8) was applied the fluoride varnish Belak-F, Vladmiva. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee and was conducted after obtaining written consent from the children’s parents or their legal representatives. Implementation of complex preventive measures over 2 years to children with DS in L₁ provided statistically significant reduction of dental caries and caries risk indicators in comparison with the L₀ group. Conclusions: The superior efficacy of complex preventive measures including topical applications of nanofluoride was demonstrated.