Repair surgical techniques in degenerative cardiac valve disease

Abstract

Background: Re-evaluation of reconstructive possibilities in the correction of degenerative mitral valve disease is of great clinical necessity nowadays. Material and methods: Analyzing the nature of the pathologies that determined the development mechanism of valve insufficiency, 136 cases of anterior cusp prolapse and 152 cases of posterior cusp prolapse were determined. Results: Cord rupture was established in 79 (58.9%) patients, cusp defects (”Cleft”) were appreciated in positions A1, A2, A3 – 15 cases (5.9%) and in P1, P2, P3 – in 92 (86.6%) cases. The surgical techniques performed were separated into: (1) resection – for the anterior and posterior cusps – 45 cases and accompanied by the slide – in 30 cases; (2) with Gore-Tex neo-chordal implantation – 115 cases, with cord transfer – 30; (3) Cusp enlargement with autologous pericardium – 5 cases, Alfieri procedure – 8. Implantation of a support ring required 130 (97.0%) patients. The correction of the associated valve disease required 125 patients (De Vega – 89.1%, ring – 8). Coronary bypass was required – 16 patients. There were no postoperative fatal cases. Conclusions: Based on the data obtained, reconstructive repair surgery can be can recommend for valves of degenerative, post-traumatic, ischemic, post-endocardial etiology as effective and sustainable techniques over time, being a superior alternative to replacement with prosthetic valves.