Contemporary considerations on radiological diagnosis of larynx cancer: Summary of Doctor of Medical Sciences Thesis: 324.01 - Medical radiology and imaging

Abstract

Among the malignant tumors of the ENT organs, laryngeal cancer ranks first and occurs more often in young men [1-11]. In surgical practice, organ-saving surgery for laryngeal cancer is increasingly being developed, which allow the patient to return to a normal life and do not limit contact with other people. For this, a correct assessment of tumor extension to different compartments of the larynx, soft tissues of the neck and adjacent organs is required [12]. According to Cancer-Registry data, in the Republic of Moldova, laryngeal cancer has a tendency of permanent increase in morbidity 2000 – 2.4%, (109 cases); 2010 – 2.5%, (138 cases); 2016 –2.8%, (143 cases). At the same time, late addressing cases predominate, in advanced stages (stages III - IV) 80-85% of the patients registered are detected annually. Local recurrences develop in stages I and II up to 15%, and stages III and IV up to 70% of cases, the occurrence of locoregional metastases in the lymph nodes in stages I and II is 10 - 20%, and in stages III and IV 50-70% of cases, survival at 5 years, at the moment, in the Republic of Moldova in the initial stages, I and II, is 83-92%, and in st. III-IV, the 5-year survival is 35-45% [13]. The purpose of using imaging diadnisis in laryngeal cancer is to specify the extent of deep cancer extension that may be underestimated by clinical and endoscopic examination [14]. In the available sources of literature, currently there are no published works that would consider the Tomosynthesis diagnostic methodology in laryngeal cancer. In order to answer these questions and to develop a comprehensive approach to the diagnosis by the Tomosynthesis method in patients with laryngeal cancer, this scientific study was carried out, which includes the results of the examination of patients with laryngeal cancer by the radiological methods that have become standards - Digital Radiography and Computer Tomography, and which will be analyzed in comparison with the results obtained from the examination with a new radiological method - Tomosynthesis. Purpose: To determine the performance and the role of Tomosynthesis in the evaluation of patients with laryngeal cancer, as well as the need for its inclusion in the imaging diagnostic algorithm of laryngeal cancer[...].