Corpus callosum agenesis in morphoclinical aspect

Abstract

Introduction. Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a congenital brain anomaly, characterized by the absence of commissural fibers connecting the two large hemispheres of the brain. This can be partial or total and can appear in isolation or in association with genetic abnormalities/syndromes, having a reserved evolution and prognosis. The ACC presents the most cerebral malformation, associated with over 250 genetic syndromes, the incidence being 1:300 newborns, in about 80% of cases the neurological manifestations, being quite severe, which leads to a high morbidity, mortality and neuropsychological invalidation of these children. Aim of study. Studying the morphoclinical aspects of corpus callosum agenesis according to the data elucidated in the bibliographic sources. Methods and materials. 12 bibliographic sources were studied in which the morphological appearance and clinical manifestations of corpus callosum agenesis were mentioned. Results. In no. 12 of sources was indicated that agenesis of the corpus callosum from a morphological point of view is divided into total and partial agenesis, in which usually the splenium (posterior part) is absent. The clinical aspect of this anomaly is based on the neurological disorders, as well as the symptoms related to the anomalies with which ACC is associated, all of which are mentioned in no. 12 of sources. Most of the bibliographic sources mention the methods of investigation of this malformation, the main one being the ultrasound of pregnant women which needs to be performed no later than on the 20th -22nd weeks of gestation. Conclusion. Total corpus callosum agenesis is much more common than partial agenesis. Agenesis of the corpus callosum is most commonly associated with other intracranial anomalies, including Interhemispheric Cyst with Hydrocephalus, Dandy-Walker Malformation, Neuronal Migration Disorder, Inferior Vermis Agenesis, Encephalocele, Interhemispheric Fissure Lipoma. The method of choice in establishing agenesis of the corpus callosum is the ultrasound examination. characterized by the absence of commissural fibers conne cting the two large hemispheres of the brain. This can be partial or total and can appear in isol ation or in association with genetic abnormalities/syndromes, having a reserved evolution and prognos is. The ACC presents the most cerebral malformation, associated with over 250 genetic syndromes, the incidence being 1:300 newborns, in about 80% of cases the neurological manifestat ions, being quite severe, which leads to a high morbidity, mortality and neuropsychological invalida tion of these children. Aim of study. Studying the morphoclinical aspects of corpus callosum agen esis according to the data elucidated in the bibliographic sources. Methods and materials. 12 bibliographic sources were studied in which the morphological appearance and clinical manifestations of corpus callosum a genesis were mentioned. Results. In no. 12 of sources was indicated that agenesis of the corpus callosum from a morphological point of view is divided into total and partia l agenesis, in which usually the splenium (posterior part) is absent. The clinical aspect of this anomaly is based on the neurological disorders, as well as the symptoms related to the anomalie s with which ACC is associated, all of which are mentioned in no. 12 of sources. Most of the bibli ographic sources mention the methods of investigation of this malformation, the main one being the ultrasound of pregnant women which needs to be performed no later than on the 20th -22nd weeks of gestation. Conclusion. Total corpus callosum agenesis is much more common than partial agenesis. Agenesis of the corpus callosum is most commonly associa ted with other intracranial anomalies, including Interhemispheric Cyst with Hydrocephalus, Dandy-Wa lker Malformation, Neuronal Migration Disorder, Inferior Vermis Agenesis, Encephalocele, Interhemispheric Fissure Lipoma. The method of choice in establishing agenesis of the corpus c allosum is the ultrasound examination.