Epidemiological and clinical aspects of indolent extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the Republic of Moldova

Abstract

Introduction. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL)-lymphoproliferative tumors that are histologically and biologically heterogeneous. The most common subtypes of indolent NHL being follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). Aim of study. To highlight the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of indolent extranodal NHL. Methods and materials. The study included 42 patients (men-17, women-25) with a mean age of 59.8 years, with extranodal onset of indolent NHL, treated in the Hematology Department of the Oncological Institute. The study is based on the analysis of data (age, gender, living environment, primary site of involvement) from outpatient medical records based on a questionnaire. Results. A distinctive gender distribution emerges, with uniformity until the age of 60, with higher frequency in women (66%) and urban residency (60%). Notably, FL emerges as the predominant histological form (69%), with MZL following closely (24%). The spleen is the leading onset (73.8%), followed by the stomach (14.2%). The spleen as the primary site reveals SLL in 83.8% of cases, with an average onset age of 59 years, predominantly affecting females in advanced stage IV (93.5%). The stomach predominantly develops extranodal MZL of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue MALT (66.6%), with an average onset age of 56.3 years, predominantly affecting males, stages II and IV. Conclusion. Indolent extranodal NHL tends to occur more often at females, 51-70 years old. Living in urban areas is associated with an increased prevalence of the condition. The gastrointestinal system most often develops extranodal lymphoma with the predominant involvement of the spleen, followed by the stomach. histologically and biologically heterogeneous. The most co mmon subtypes of indolent NHL being follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), a nd small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). Aim of study. To highlight the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of indolent extranodal NHL. Methods and materials. The study included 42 patients (men-17, women-25) with a mean a ge of 59.8 years, with extranodal onset of indolent NHL, treated in the Hematology Department of the Oncological Institute. The study is based on the analysis of data (age, gender, living environment, primary site of involvement) from outpatient medical reco rds based on a questionnaire. Results. A distinctive gender distribution emerges, with uniformit y until the age of 60, with higher frequency in women (66%) and urban residency (60%). Notably, FL emerges as the predominant histological form (69%), with MZL following closely (24%). The spleen is the leading onset (73.8%), followed by the stomach (14.2%). The spleen as the primary site reveals SLL in 83.8% of cases, with an average onset age of 59 years, predomi nantly affecting females in advanced stage IV (93.5%). The stomach predominantly develops extranodal MZ L of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue MALT (66.6%), with an average onset age of 56. 3 years, predominantly affecting males, stages II and IV. Conclusion. Indolent extranodal NHL tends to occur more often at fem ales, 51-70 years old. Living in urban areas is associated with an increased prevale nce of the condition. The gastrointestinal system most often develops extranodal l ymphoma with the predominant involvement of the spleen, followed by the stomach.