Pulmonary tuberculosis with chronic evolution – clinical aspects

Abstract

Introduction. Evaluating the clinical features of TB in patients with chronic pulmonary processes and the effectiveness of the administered treatment Aim of study. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem, being an infectious disease that depends on the "health" of society and the presence of social factors. Patients with chronic pulmonary TB are the main sources of spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Methods and materials. A number of 87 medical records of patients with the presence of the chronic process criteria of pulmonary TB, admitted in IMSP SCMF during 2021-2022, were analyzed. The particularities of the course of the disease and the effectiveness of the treatment were studied. Results. The study included 67(77%) men and 21 women (33%). Patients aged 45-65 years predominated - 62 (71.3%) cases. Social factors were found in most cases - 82 (94.3%) cases. Among the established clinical forms were: fibrocavitary TB-26(30%), disseminated TB28(32.2%), caseous pneumonia-33(37.8%) cases. According to the type of case, "New Case" predominated-57 (65.5%), cases of "Retreatment" - 30 (35.5%). Complications developed in all patients (100%) included in the study, the most frequently noted being Chronic Pulmonary Cord67(78%) and Cardiopulmonary Insufficiency-76(88%). The forms of resistant TB were in 75 (86.2%) cases. "Death" caused by TB was recorded in 2021-7 (8.1%) and in 2022-2 (2.3%) cases. Adverse reactions of the treatment developed in ½ of the patients, requiring the modification of the therapeutic scheme and the use of individualized regimens. 39 (44.8%) patients had "therapeutic success". Conclusion. Pulmonary TB with chronic evolution develops frequently in men in the presence of social factors. The rate of new TB cases is high, indicating late detection of the disease. Drug resistance and adverse reactions to treatment are significant for therapeutic success processes and the effectiveness of the administered t reatment Aim of study. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem, be ing an infectious disease that depends on the "health" of society and the presence of social factors. Patients with chronic pulmonary TB are the main sources of spread of Mycobact erium tuberculosis infection. Methods and materials. A number of 87 medical records of patients with the pre sence of the chronic process criteria of pulmonary TB, admitted in I MSP SCMF during 2021-2022, were analyzed. The particularities of the course of the dis ease and the effectiveness of the treatment were studied. Results. The study included 67(77%) men and 21 women (33%). Patients aged 45-65 years predominated - 62 (71.3%) cases. Social factors were found in m ost cases - 82 (94.3%) cases. Among the established clinical forms were: fibrocavitary TB-26(30% ), disseminated TB28(32.2%), caseous pneumonia-33(37.8%) cases. According to the ty pe of case, "New Case" predominated-57 (65.5%), cases of "Retreatment" - 30 (35.5%). Complications developed in all patients (100%) included in the study, the most frequently not ed being Chronic Pulmonary Cord67(78%) and Cardiopulmonary Insufficiency-76(88%). The forms of resistant TB were in 75 (86.2%) cases. "Death" caused by TB was recorded in 2021-7 (8.1%) a nd in 2022-2 (2.3%) cases. Adverse reactions of the treatment developed in ½ of the patients, requiring the modification of the therapeutic scheme and the use of individualized regim ens. 39 (44.8%) patients had "therapeutic success". Conclusion. Pulmonary TB with chronic evolution develops frequently in men in the presence of social factors. The rate of new TB cases is high, ind icating late detection of the disease. Drug resistance and adverse reactions to treatment are significan t for therapeutic success.