Conduct of patients with cervical pathology

Abstract

Introduction. The cervix, essential in female reproduction, raises significant concerns regarding precancerous conditions with a significant global and local impact. In the Republic of Moldova, 600-700 women per year are diagnosed with precancerous conditions, and 300-350 with cervical cancer. In the European Union, there are 52,000 cases per year, with 27,000 deaths. Globally, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, with 342,000 deaths and 604,000 cases per year. Aim of study. To thoroughly investigate precancerous conditions of the cervix, focusing on identifying risk factors, diagnostic methods, and treatment options. Methods and materials. The study included the analysis of a representative sample of women, assessing menstrual history, history of STIs, postcoital bleeding, parity, steroid use, and attitudes towards cervical cancer screening. All significant data were extracted from the analysis of available literature in open sources such as PubMed, Medscape, Mayo Clinic, and MedlinePlus, using key terms: precancerous conditions of cervical cancer, HPV, and cervical dysplasia. Results. The prevalence of lesions affected 27.4% of participants, with an average age of 35-36 years. Strong knowledge (63.4%) and a positive attitude (67.6%) were highlighted. Risk factors include irregular menstrual history, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), postcoital bleeding, high parity, and steroid use. HPV 16 and 18 were identified as significant risk factors. Sexual behavior, smoking, dietary habits, and immunosuppression are involved in HPV infection, with an incidence of 7% at 20-25 years and less than 2% over 30 years. An unfavorable attitude towards screening contributes to increased risk. Conclusion. The prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions is significant (27.4%). Risk factors emphasize the complexity of the issue. Reproductive health management requires a comprehensive approach. Educating women for early detection and preventing progression to advanced stages is essential. Women's strong conviction plays a crucial role in the fight against precancerous cervical lesions and cervical cancer. precancerous conditions with a significant global and lo cal impact. In the Republic of Moldova, 600-700 women per year are diagnosed with precancerous condit ions, and 300-350 with cervical cancer. In the European Union, there are 52,000 cases per ye ar, with 27,000 deaths. Globally, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in wo men, with 342,000 deaths and 604,000 cases per year. Aim of study. To thoroughly investigate precancerous conditions of the cer vix, focusing on identifying risk factors, diagnostic methods, and treatment options. Methods and materials. The study included the analysis of a representative sampl e of women, assessing menstrual history, history of STIs, postcoital bleeding, parity, steroid use, and attitudes towards cervical cancer screening. All significant data were ex tracted from the analysis of available literature in open sources such as PubMed, Medscape, Mayo Clinic, and MedlinePlus, using key terms: precancerous conditions of cervical cance r, HPV, and cervical dysplasia. Results. The prevalence of lesions affected 27.4% of participants, with an average age of 35-36 years. Strong knowledge (63.4%) and a positive attitude (67.6%) wer e highlighted. Risk factors include irregular menstrual history, sexually transmitted inf ections (STIs), postcoital bleeding, high parity, and steroid use. HPV 16 and 18 were identified as s ignificant risk factors. Sexual behavior, smoking, dietary habits, and immunosuppression ar e involved in HPV infection, with an incidence of 7% at 20-25 years and less than 2% over 30 yea rs. An unfavorable attitude towards screening contributes to increased risk. Conclusion. The prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions is signif icant (27.4%). Risk factors emphasize the complexity of the issue. Reproductive healt h management requires a comprehensive approach. Educating women for early detection and preventing pr ogression to advanced stages is essential. Women's strong conviction plays a crucial ro le in the fight against precancerous cervical lesions and cervical cancer.