Osteomyelitis of the lower jaw

Abstract

Introduction. The problem of osteomyelitis has a long history. Despite certain successes in the fight against purulent infection, osteomyelitis of the jaws remains a pressing problem in modern medicine. This is due to the prevalence of the disease, the severity and duration of the pathological process. In this regard, it is necessary to constantly update and develop methods for the diagnosis and treatment of osteomyelitis of the jaw, as well as increase public awareness of this problem. Aim of study. The study of statistical data over the past 5 years to identify trends in the prevalence of osteomyelitis in various age groups, genders and regions. Methods and materials. Is a retrospective study performed in the period from 2018-2023 using the archive of the Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery of IMSP IMU of patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of “osteomyelitis of the lower jaw of various etiologies”. Results. Over the past 5 years, from 2018 to 2023, 193 cases diagnosed with osteomyelitis were reported. Over 5 years, the highest incidence rate was recorded in 2017, amounting to 38.3%. The majority of patients seeking surgical help are urban residents (63%). According to the research work, it was revealed that men get sick more often than women, which amounted to 52%. Most often, patients in the age category from 31 to 40 years suffer, which is a percentage of 22%. The leading etiological factor is odontogenic infection (62%), and it is the 7th tooth that causes the spread of infection. Most patients visited the Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery on their own, and 71% of all patients had health insurance. According to the study, 90% of patients underwent surgical exploration, and the hospital stay ranged from 1 to 5 days, accounting for 59%. Conclusion. According to the analysis of the archive of the Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, it was revealed that many people living in urban areas are most often ill. This can be explained by the fact that there are more medical institutions in the city and patients are treated more often than in rural areas. fight against purulent infection, osteomyelitis of the jaws remains a pressing problem in modern medicine. This is due to the prevalence of the disease, the severity and duration of the pathological process. In this regard, it is necessary to constantly updat e and develop methods for the diagnosis and treatment of osteomyelitis of the jaw, as well as increase public awareness of this problem. Aim of study. The study of statistical data over the past 5 years to i dentify trends in the prevalence of osteomyelitis in various age groups, genders and regions. Methods and materials. Is a retrospective study performed in the period from 2018- 2023 using the archive of the Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery of IMSP IMU of patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of “osteomyelitis of the lower jaw o f various etiologies”. Results. Over the past 5 years, from 2018 to 2023, 193 cases diagnosed with o steomyelitis were reported. Over 5 years, the highest incidence rate was reco rded in 2017, amounting to 38.3%. The majority of patients seeking surgical help are urban reside nts (63%). According to the research work, it was revealed that men get sick more often than wom en, which amounted to 52%. Most often, patients in the age category from 31 to 40 years suf fer, which is a percentage of 22%. The leading etiological factor is odontogenic infection (62%), an d it is the 7th tooth that causes the spread of infection. Most patients visited the Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery on their own, and 71% of all patients had health insurance. According t o the study, 90% of patients underwent surgical exploration, and the hospital stay r anged from 1 to 5 days, accounting for 59%. Conclusion. According to the analysis of the archive of the Departmen t of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, it was revealed that many people living in urban are as are most often ill. This can be explained by the fact that there are more medical insti tutions in the city and patients are treated more often than in rural areas.