Pancreatic pseudocysts in children: diagnostic features and therapeutic options

Abstract

Abstract Introduction. Pancreatic pseudocysts (PP) in children represent a common complication of acute or traumatic pancreatitis. They consist of enzyme-rich fluid collections surrounded by a non-epithelial fibrous wall. Clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic evolution to abdominal pain, obstruction, or septic complications. Objective. To evaluate the clinical, imaging, and therapeutic characteristics of pancreatic pseudocysts in children in order to optimize diagnostic and treatment strategies. Material and methods: This retrospective study included 62 pediatric patients diagnosed with pancreatic pseudocysts between 2020–2024.in IMsi C. Patients ranged from 3 to 16 years of age. Diagnosis was established by abdominal ultrasound and CT scan. Management strategies included observation, minimally invasive drainage, or surgical intervention. Results. Pseudocysts developed most commonly following acute pancreatitis (64.5%) or abdominal trauma (27.4%). Sizes ranged from 2.5 to 14 cm. Conservative treatment was effective in 46.7% of cases with complete resolution. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage was required in 32.2%, while 21% underwent internal drainage or open surgery. Complications such as infection or hemorrhage occurred in 11.3%. The overall therapeutic success rate exceeded 95%. Conclusion. The management of pancreatic pseudocysts in children must be tailored to etiology, size, and symptoms. While small asymptomatic pseudocysts can be monitored, larger or complicated lesions require minimally invasive or surgical drainage. Appropriate technique selection reduces complications and ensures favorable outcomes.