Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical students from middle-income countries regarding climate change: the case of Republic of Moldova

Abstract

Objectives. Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding climate change, its causes and consequences, and its impact on health among medical students in the Republic of Moldova.

Material and methods. A quantitative study was conducted from September to March 2022. The study sample consisted of 606 medical students with an average age of 22.5 years, of whom 59.1% were women, in their 5th to 6th year of studies at Nicolae Testemițanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy. A KAP (knowledge, attitudes, and practices) questionnaire with 30 questions was developed to assess the medical student’s perspective on the mechanism, consequences, causes, and awareness of climate change.

Results. The research revealed that most respondents are aware of the causes of climate change. Medical students are less informed about the effects of climate change on health and the need to consult a doctor to adjust therapeutic plans in response to heat waves. Their attitude towards the need for mitigation measures to reduce the impact of climate change triggers and the need for behavioral changes is positive. They have more trust in information received from experts in the scientific field, and a smaller portion of respondents trust environmental organizations and media sources. Although many students know about the phenomenon and its impact, their practices do not align with the needs and guidelines.

Conclusions. Training programs for medical students are necessary to increase their awareness of climate change, which can enhance their knowledge and shift their attitudes and practices.