Stenoza arterelor carotide extracerebrale

Abstract

Background: Carotid disease brings to the mankind a significant loss through the high rates of physical and mental disabilities, also the important financial aspect. The continuing increase in incidence, the youthful age and the reveal of new risk factors involved in the pathogenesis, are fully motivating the accorded scientific interest. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical context of developing carotid stenosis (CS) and the management particularities depending on the grade and the presence of characteristic symptoms. Material and methods: The current study is a retrospective analysis of a group composed by 74 patients with carotid disease. There were compared the clinical and laboratory parameters with the options/results of the surgical treatment. Results: In the study group the CS was associated with hypertension – 78%, lower limb atherosclerosis – 53%, hypercholesterolemia 39.5% and the diabetes myelitis in 28.4%. The surgical treatment was represented by trombendarterectomy (TEA) with PTFE patch – 34%, TEA by eversion – 26%, carotid resection and use of PTFE prosthesis 23% and resection of stenosed Kin-King – 17%. Conclusions: The hypertension is the most important risk factor in CS. The open surgical treatment represents, for the moment, the method of choice in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis > 70%. The indications for surgical treatment in asymptomatic patients are contradictorily defined, the surgical approach being accepted in bilateral disease or unilateral stenosis exceeding 80%.