Caractere demografice la gravidele cu factori de risc de malformaţii embrio-fetale

Abstract

The aim of the study is to assess the demographic characteristics of pregnant women at risk of embryo-fetal malformations in I and II trimesters of pregnancy. The study included 1203 pregnant women at embryo-fetal malformation risk in the I and II trimesters of pregnancy, who were directed to the consultation to the National Centre of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics in Moldova in 2009-2011. The pregnant women involved in the study have as expressed the informed consent. All pregnant women have been the native residents of the Republic of Moldova. The selection criteria of pregnant women at risk were follows: advanced maternal age (older than or equal to 35 years old), pathological obstetric and family history. The majority of pregnant women at risk of embryo-fetal malformations have been found mostly in the cities – Chisinau (54.4%), Balti (6.2%), Orhei (1.8%), Tiraspol (2.8%) – compared to rural districts – Ialoveni (1.8%) and Causeni (1.3%). Most pregnant women were from the central zone of the Republic of Moldova compared to the north zone, Transdniestrian region and the south zone (62.7% vs 14.8%, 11.8% and 10.7% respectively). The analysis results of the antenatal diagnosis of the women in the study determined the presence of the following risk factors of embryo-fetal malformations, listed in the decreasing order: an advanced maternal age over 35 years old – in 52.5% of pregnant women, pathological personal history – in 12.3%, pathological obstetric history – in 4.3%, family history with abnomalities – in 4.7%, presence of occupation hazards – in 0.7% and the father’s age over 40 years old – in 1.0% of cases.