Особенности продукции цитокинов при внегоспитальной пневмонии у недоношенных детей на первом году жизни

Abstract

There are no enough data about the features of inflammatory reactions development in premature children in the first year of life with different infectious diseases including pneumonia. The aim of the study is to determine clinical and diagnostic importance of interleukin-1β and interleukin-10 levels in blood serum to estimate the level of severity of pneumonia in children in the first year of life who were born with a very low body were weight. We have examined 85 premature infants from 1 month old to one year old. The first group consisted of conditionally healthy premature infants (n = 22), the second group – of premature infants with clinical signs of community-acquired pneumonia (n = 63). The examination included the definition of the levels of populations and subpopulations of immunocompetent cells (СD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD22+) and interleukin-1β and interleukin-10 in serum. The research showed the domination of a respiratory syndrome, the symptoms of respiratory insufficiency of the II and III stages, the intoxication signs without the temperature reaction in the clinical picture of community-acquired pneumonia of the majority of one-year-old children born with a very low body weight. Community-acquired pneumonia is characterized by a significant decreasing of the most functionally active CD3+, CD4+ and CD22+ lymphocytes in premature infants of the first year of life. The low levels of IL-1β (19.40 ± 2.42 pg/ml) and IL-10 (23.30 ± 1.56 pg/ml) in infants with community-acquired pneumonia confirm the immaturity of the immune system of children with a very low body weight. The diagnostic data of the significance of interleukins-1β and 10 levels in children of the first year of life with community-acquired pneumonia born with a very low weight have been received.