http://repository.usmf.md:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12710/254 2026-05-24T07:22:35Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12710/33345 Exploring the clinical spectrum of DiGeorge syndrome Tomacinschii, Cristina; Sacară, Victoria; Dorif, Alexandr; Laszlo, Marodi; Șciuca, Svetlana Introduction DiGeorge syndrome, known also as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, is a rare multisystemic disorder characterized by a wide range of clinical features and may include thymic aplasia and subsequent immunodeficiency, conotruncal cardiac anomalies, typical facial features, palatal abnormalities, and hypocalcemia due to hypoparathyroidism. Material and methods Data were collected for 10 patients genetically confirmed with DiGeorge syndrome at the Institute of Mother and Child. This included general information, laboratory results, and clinical features. Results The mean age at diagnosis was 74.6 months (3 months – 28 years). Most cases were sporadic, with only 2 patients having a history of DGS (n=1), or close relatives with cardiac malformations (n=1). The most common symptoms that led to diagnosis were congenital heart defects (90%), and facial dysmorphism (90%). Common clinical features included recurrent infections (40%) and ENT disorders (20%). Weight was within normal percentiles for the entire group, but a delay in height growth was noted. Regarding the immunological characteristics: lymphopenia was recorded in 20% of patients, and thrombocytopenia in 2 patients. Conclusions Given the diverse array of symptoms associated with DiGeorge syndrome, physicians should be knowledgeable about both typical and less common characteristics of the syndrome to facilitate optimal treatment and potentially enable early diagnosis. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12710/33344 Contemporary insights into diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin lymphomas Musteață, Larisa; Robu, Maria; Musteață, Vasile; Urescu, Dumitrița; Cebanu, Irina; Capanji, Alina Introduction. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is the most common site of extranodal primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), accounting for 20% to 40% of all extranodal lymphomas. The advanced stages at diagnosis and complications remain significant issues in NHL management, imposing a substantial disease burden on patients and healthcare systems. Material and methods. We performed a descriptive cross-sectional and cohort study of patients with gastrointestinal NHL and a narrative review of the literature in the Discussion section. This study included 50 prospective and retrospective patients with NHL treated between 2015-2024 in the Institute of Oncology in Moldova. A bibliographic search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Hinari, SpringerLink, the National Center for Biotechnology Information, and Medline. The final bibliography included 18 relevant sources deemed to be representative of the literature published on the topic of this article. Results. According to the International Clinical Classification, most patients (22, 44.0%) were diagnosed with clinical stage IV. B symptoms occurred in 38 (76.0%) patients. The overwhelming predominance of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (46 cases - 90.2%) was observed. The complete blood count, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy of the iliac crest did not detect any specific changes in cases without bone marrow involvement, with the exception of a decrease in hemoglobin and erythrocyte counts observed in cases of posthemorrhagic anemia. The overall survival (OS) of all patients with gastrointestinal NHL was 78.1% at 1 year, 59.4% at 3 years, and 35.9% at 5 years. In patients with stage IE NHL, the 1-, 3-, and ≥5-year OS was 93.4%, 76.5%, and 69.9%, respectively. In patients with stage IIE, the OS was 91.2% at 1 year, 71.4% at 3 years, and 63.8% at ≥5 years. In patients with stage IIIE-IV, the OS was 75.1% at 1 year, 54.8% at 3 years, and 28.5% at ≥5 years with combined chemotherapy. Conclusions. Our study demonstrated that non-Hodgkin lymphomas with primary involvement of the gastrointestinal tract exhibited distinct histopathological, clinical-evolutionary and hematological features, which influenced treatment outcomes. The aggressive histological types and the advanced stages IIIE and IV prevailed within the structure of non-Hodgkin lymphomas with primary gastrointestinal involvement, and, thus, negatively impacted the survival and prognosis. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12710/33342 Periodontal pathology in pubertal girls with hormonal imbalances Ciobanu, Diana-Victoria; Spinei, Iurie Introduction. The functional status of the organism during puberty significantly influences periodontal health. Systemic factors, particularly hormonal imbalances, play an essential role in the initiation and progression of periodontal pathology during this developmental stage. Sex hormones (estradiol, progesterone) and prolactin modulate gingival metabolism and the local immune response, while their fluctuations increase the inflammatory susceptibility of periodontal tissues. Obective of the study. The aim of the study was to analyze the particularities of periodontal pathology in pubertal girls with gynecological diseases and hormonal disturbances. Material and methods. The present research represents a controlled clinical study conducted at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry “Ion Lupan”. Between 2025, 38 patients were selected from the Pediatric Gynecology Department of the IMSP “Institute of Mother and Child,”. The subjects were divided into two groups: Group A – patients with gynecological disorders, hormonal alterations, and clinical signs of periodontal disease; Group B – patients without clinical signs of periodontal disease. The research methods applied included bibliographic analysis, statistical evaluation, documentary review, clinical and paraclinical investigations. Results. The prevalence of periodontal pathology among the examined patients was 65,79%. Chronic catarrhal gingivitis was diagnosed in 88% of the patients, of which 60% presented the generalized form and 28% the localized form. Generalized chronic hypertrophic gingivitis was detected in 12% of the patients. Moderate forms of gingivitis were diagnosed most frequently (56%), followed by mild forms (36%) and severe forms (8%). The frequency of dental caries and dento-maxillary anomalies proved to be important factors in the etiology, pathogenesis and clinical progression of inflammatory periodontal processes. Conclusions. The study revealed a correlation between marginal periodontal pathology and hormonal fluctuations, with a predominant involvement of progesterone. The management of periodontal pathology in patients with pediatric gynecological disorders associated with hormonal imbalance requires a complex approach, which primarily involves the stabilization of hormonal status, treatment of the underlying gynecological condition, elimination of local etiological factors, local anti-inflammatory therapy, orthodontic management, and other adjunctive therapeutic measures. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.usmf.md:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12710/33341 Patologia parodontală la fete cu dereglări hormonale în perioada pubertară Ciobanu, Diana-Victoria; Spinei, Iurie Introducere. Statutul funcțional al organismului în pubertate influențează semnificativ sănătatea parodontală. Factorii sistemici, în special dezechilibrele hormonale, joacă un rol esențial în inițierea și progresia acestora în perioada pubertară. Hormonii sexuali (estradiol, progesteron) și prolactina modulează metabolismul gingival și răspunsul imun local, iar fluctuațiile lor cresc susceptibilitatea inflamatorie a țesuturilor parodontale. Scopul lucrării. Analiza particularităților patologiei parodontale la fete în vârsta pubertară cu maladii ginecologice și cu dereglări hormonale. Material și metode. Cercetarea dată reprezintă un studiu clinic controlat, efectuat în cadrul catedrei de stomatologie pediatrică „Ion Lupan”. În 2025 au fost selectați 38 de pacienți din secția de Ginecologie infantilă a IMSP „Institutul Mamei și Copilului”. Subiecții au fost repartizați în două loturi: lotul A – cu maladii ginecologice, modificări hormonale și semne clinice de boală parodontală; lotul B – fără semne clinice de boală parodontală. Metodele de cercetare utilizate: bibliografică, statistică, documentară, clinică, paraclinică. Rezultate. Prevalența patologiei parodontale la copii a constituit 65,79%. Gingivită cronică catarală a fost stabilită la 88% din paciente, din care generalizată la 60%, iar cea localizată - la 28%. Gingivita cronică hipertrofică generalizată a fost depistată la 12% paciente. Formele moderate ale gingivitelor au fost diagnosticate cel mai frecvent - la 56% pacienți, fiind urmate de cele ușoare - la 36% și severe - la 8%. Frecvența cariei dentare, al anomaliilor dento-maxilare s-au dovedit a fi factori deosebiț de importanți în etiologia, patogenia și evoluția clinică a proceselor inflamatorii a parodonțiului. Concluzii. Studiul a evidențiat o corelație între patologia parodonțiului marginal și fluctuațiile hormonale, cu implicarea predominantă a progesteronului. Tratamentul patologiei parodontale la paciente în funcție de maladiile ginecologice infantile cu dezechilibru hormonal necesită o abordare complexă, ceea ce presupune în primul rând echilibrarea statutului hormonal, tratamentul patologiei ginecologice, înlăturarea factorilor locali cauzali, tratamentul local antiinflamator, orthodontic ș.a. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z