The bacterian plaque – determining factor in paradontopathies

Abstract

Introduction: The bacterian plaque is an ecological microbial system represented through a bacterian aggregation adherent to dental surfaces and not only, which can be removed through a water spray and simple cleansing. This system represents an important pathogenic potential not only for enamel but also for the marginal paradont. The bacterian plague is unanimously recognised today as being the determining factor of the paradontal disease. Its control is a way of prevention which determines the use of the most feasible methods of discovery, control and motivating the patients so as to annihilate the etiopathogenetic role of the bacterian plaque.

Material and method: The examination and evaluation of the patients have been carried out according to the clinical chart based on the extra and intraoral examinations. The observation charts have been filled in with paraclinical examinations. The study comprised a group of 200 pacients aged between 15 and 76 who were examined at the same time interval, after the last dental brushing. The Silness-Loe plague index was determined using as plague revealing substance: methylene blue solution 2% ( through mild tamponing so as not to remove the plague deposits by rubbing), followed by energic cleansing with tap water for 30 seconds and highlighting the PB deposits. The gum bleeding index(SBI), the papillary bleeding index(PBI) and CPITN index have also been determined.

Results and discussions: The patients were instructed about the correct brushing technique and after its correct aquisition they were recommended to perform the dental brushing at least twice a day: in the morning and in the evening; as well as the use of some auxiliary means of hygienization consisting of the use of mouthwash, dental floss, etc. After the monthly examinations we have noticed a reduction of the Silness-Loe plague index but also an improvement of paradontal status.

Conclusions: The correctly performed oral hygiene can bring significant improvements, many times without needing to perform an antimicrobial medicinal treatement. There is a close connection between the presence of bacterian plague and the inflammatory process which can contribute to the appearance of paradontopathies. A correct oral hygiene can lead to a reduction of the frequency of the appearance of paradontal diseases till the total healing.