Abstract:
Introduction. The study of population mortality is constantly relevant, growing especially at the beginning of the 21 st century, because it shows us the health status of the population. The actuality of this research is also manifested by the fact that the demographic phenomenon in the aspect of the natural movement are directly related to the level of the indicator presented in the study, showing the importance of the fact that the mortality represents a demographic issue with implications in the growing process of the population and in the age structure population, in achieving a balance in population structure by age groups and is used to measure the health of the population; allows the identification of objectives in health problems; serves for the sanitary resource planning process; allows the evaluation of the effectiveness of the sanitary services system activity. Mortality is strongly dependent on socio-economic development, those leading to lower indicators, longevity and quality of life. The aim of the study was to analyze the population mortality after the main causes of death and to make further recommendations.
Methods. The statistical data of the National Bureau of Statistics and the National Agency for Public Health served as primary data for this research. Data were analysed retrospectively though classical research methods during a period of 10 years (2006 - 2017), using the software Microsoft Excel.
Results. Analysis of the general mortality of the population over the study period shows an oscillatory decrease from 1203.2 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2006 with a small increase in 2010 (1224.9 cases per 100,000 inhabitants) and a further decrease to 1035.98 respectively in 2017. The same situation is happening in the Chisinau and Balti municipalities, where the mentioned indicator has been decreasing since 2006 from 817.3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants and 1035.9 respectively in Chisinau and Balti and registering in Chisinau 740.9 cases per 100,000 inhabitants and Balti 871.9 in 2017 respectively. Notwithstanding this decrease, it is worrying that overall mortality as well as those caused by priority non-communicable diseases in the country is much higher than the EU average. The mortality analysis of the main causes of death revealed that the mortality rate due to the diseases of the circulatory system, during the estimated period, remained on the first place, recording in 2017 - 406.9 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, malignant tumors (159.14 cases per 100,000 inhabitants) are on the second place, followed by digestive diseases (56.61 cases per 100,000 inhabitants) and on the fourth place trauma and poisoning 39.85 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Conclusion. The evolution of both general and specific mortality registered a slow increase in 2010 with 1.02 as compared to 2006 followed by a decrease in 2017, but much higher than the EU average. The mortality rate caused by oncological diseases is increasing.
