Radiographic analysis of angulation of curvature of root canals and the probability of complications occurrence using Schneider and Weine’s methods

Abstract

Introduction. The knowledge of the endodontic system by the practitioner, is the succes of the reliable root canal treatment. Aim of the study. This study provides the evaluation of radiographic angulation of root canals and the risks of making errors and complications during endodontic treatment by using Schneider and Weine’s examination methods. Materials and methods. Radiographic evaluation was based on examination of orthopantomographic images of 12 patients, wich needed endodontic treatment, and presented obvious curved anatomy of the roots. There were analyzed 22 molars and 7 premolars, in order to determine the angulation of root canal curvature by using Schneider’s method, and Weine’s method, which are the most practically to apply in the daily practice. Results. The datas obtained, based on the analysis of the 22 molars and 7 premolars with different degree of root curvatures, by the method of Schneider, were compared with the results obtained by the method of Weine. We can observe the prevalence of root canals with a degree of angulation greater than 20°, at the premolars and the molars which indicates the presence of severe curvatures and great risk of developing the complications. The most common separations of endodontic instruments can be found in the mesial root canals of molars, which are showing a greater degree of angulation of 300. According to obtained datas, 5 out of 7 premolars and 20 of 22 molars analised in study, have an increased risk of fracture (> 50%) of endodontic instruments and creating ledges during work in the root canal. However, both methods have a percent of errors, which is due to bucal or oral orientation of curvature and not always can be determined by radiographicaly as they present 2D plans, but is still a real value, and it is useful for planning a root canal treatment. Conclusions. Schneider and Weine’s methods of radiographic analysis, proved to be easy to apply in daily endodontic practice, by allowing to elaborate an individual plan of treatment, to visualize and to outline a proper endodontic acces, and to avoid complications during endodontic treatment like: separation of the instruments, perforations and formation of the ledges. These two methods of radiographic analysis are easily applicable and have a major importance in achieving a qualitative endodontic treatment.