The epidemiological approach to women's reproductive health

Abstract

Introduction. Multiple studies have been conducted on the risk factors that influence women's reproductive health: hormonal changes, fertility and different pregnancy outcomes, for example, miscarriage, congenital malformations, perinatal mortality, birth weight, alcohol consumption, smoking, obesity, infections. However, gynecological cancers are an increasingly prevalent and well-studied malignancy in today's world of female reproductive health. Aim of study. Epidemiological study of reproductive health in women in the general population Methods and materials. Articles from the last 5 years concerning reproductive health in women were selected and analyzed, using the PubMed, Medscape, NCBI databases Results. The researched studies mention that there are a multitude of risk factors that act on reproductive health in women. From the review of studies dealing with women's exposure to chemical agents, pesticides, physical agents, ergonomic factors and stress, it appears that the evidence is currently sufficient to warrant maximum protection of pregnant women against several well-documented occupational risks. Smoking cessation interventions help reduce smoking, and both individual and group interventions to increase folic acid intake improve pregnancy outcomes. Behavioral factors and clinical and biomedical interventions affect a range of women's health conditions. Conclusion. Representing half of the world's population, women help manage the epigenetic legacy of future generations through healthy pregnancies. There is also an urgent need to educate women about the importance of understanding the need to modify their lifestyle to avoid exposure to potentially harmful chemicals during pregnancy. Positive prevention in family planning is needed, including health education, regular screening and appropriate treatment of diseases of the reproductive system in women.