Obesity as a risk factor for stroke in the population of the Republic of Moldova

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, including stroke, which can be efficiently prevented. Several studies have evidenced abdominal obesity as an independent risk factor for stroke, being a stronger predictor of stroke than the body mass index. The study aims to explore the relationship between obesity and other stroke risk factors in the general population of the Republic of Moldova. Material and methods: In November 2015, was initiated an epidemiological study in the population of the Republic of Moldova. The study protocol included: questionnaire, clinical examination, electrocardiography, laboratory examinations, and Doppler/Duplex ultrasound of the carotid arteries. Results: In the study were included 1274 subjects (mean age 47.9 ± 13.6 years), among which 757 (59%) women and 517 (41%) men. The most common identified risk factors were abdominal obesity in 938 (74%), dyslipidemia in 758 (59%), and general obesity of different degrees in 508 (40%) subjects. Abdominal circumference significantly correlated with the systolic (r = 0.44, p < 0.001) and diastolic (r = 0.46, p < 0.001) blood pressure, body mass index (r=0.84, p<0.001), and uric acid (r=0.42, p<0.001). Body mass index significantly correlated with the systolic (r = 0.41, p < 0.001) and diastolic (r = 0.39, p < 0.001) blood pressure, abdominal circumference (r = 0.84, p < 0.001), and uric acid (r = 0.33, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Dyslipidemia, abdominal and general obesity were the most commonly identified modifiable risk factors. Abdominal and general obesity were significantly associated with other stroke risk factors. Prevention of obesity and weight reduction need a greater emphasis in stroke prevention programs.