Characteristics of infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis cases (Caseous pneumonia)

Abstract

Introduction Caseous pneumonia is included in acute progressive form of pulmonary tuberculosis which usually affects multiple segments, either unilaterally or bilaterally. The clinical picture of caseous pneumonia is manifested by intoxication, bronchial obstruction and hemoptoic syndrome. The diagnosis of caseous pneumonia is established when the general condition of the patient worsens and it usually occurs in people with pronounced immunodeficiency and also it could be fatal in the absence of specific treatment. Purpose Study of predisposing factors and clinical evolution features of caseous pneumonia. Material and methods There were treated 65 patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (caseous pneumonia) in new and repeated treatment cases, during the period of 2019, in Phthisiopneumological Municipal Hospital from Chisinau. Results Caseous pneumonia commonly develops in men 55 (84.6 %), the male / female ratio being of 5,5:1. Predominant ages of people are 20-40 years old and 39 years old (60.0 %). The main path-way of TB detection was the passive one in 64 cases (98.5 %). The majority of persons (66.2%) were not employed. Conclusions Tuberculosis contact occured in 43.1%, from lethal outbreaks – 39.3 % of persons. Most patients had various comorbidities in 61.5 %. Cachexia was found in half of patients – 58.5%. There were prevailed patients in severe condition (60.0%). AFB sputum smear result was positive in 80.0 % cases, which was confirmed bacteriologically (93.9 %). There predominated negative outcomes, with high percentage of deaths.