Immunological peculiarities and the specifics of the use of therapeutic ozone in women with the risk of infertility

Abstract

Introduction. A quite specific problem regarding sexual and reproductive health that nowadays’ society is facing is represented by infertility amongst young women. This condition can be caused by a myriad of pathologies, most noticeable of them being tubal occlusion, endometritis, vaginitis and ischemia of the ovaries leading to oocyte loss and damage towards the female reproductive organs, which eventually could lead to worse outcomes regarding fecundity rate. An adjuvant method could be the usage of therapeutical ozone. In small therapeutic doses ozone possesses the ability to dampen the chronic inflammatory response. Aim of study. Ozone therapy may be proposed as a complementary method for fertility treatments incorporated in pre-conceiving preparation. Methods and materials. To achieve the objective, the initial search of the specialized scientific literature, identified by the search engine Google Scholar and from the databases PubMed, NihGov was performed. The publications were selected according to the following keywords: ,,female reproductive health”, ,,fertility”, ,,ozone therapy”, ,,inflammation”. After processing the information in the databases, we selected all publications in English starting with January 2019. Results. Following the conditions mentioned beforehand, a poor prognosis regarding female fertility might be concluded, yet the usage of therapeutic ozone might combat post pathological sequelae, thus reducing the infertility rate. The following mechanisms were proposed as ozone’s effects on female reproductive organs: anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, fungicidal and virucidal, antioxidant effect, etc. In proximal obstruction, ozone has the potency to dissolve the mucus plug due to its oxidative properties yet preserving the healthy mucosal lineage of the salpinx. In distal tubule blockage that is caused mostly by bacterial infections, ozone can exert its bactericidal effects and reduce the bacterial titer, reduce inflammation by stimulation of IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, reducing IL-6, TNF-alpha and IFgamma, reducing the oedema and facilitate the regenerative process of the salpinx. Regarding endometriosis and vaginitis, treatment and convalescence may be difficult. Ozone therapy might be used as a direct virucidal factor. In a 2019 study, 100 percent of infections with mycoplasmosis and chlamydiosis were eradicated. 13 out of 30 instances of ureaplasmosis and nineteen out of 21 cases of gardnerellesis were successfully treated. Out of 7 patients, 5 were cured of their CMV infection and herpes simplex. After three months of receiving ozone therapy in its entirety, eight out of fifty infertile women became pregnant. Conclusion. Gynecological diseases have a paramount influence on reducing fertility rate in young females, thus a methodical treatment and prophylaxis approach should be undertaken. The use of therapeutical ozone may facilitate the recovery process and improve the chances of experiencing potential pregnancy, because of its vasodilator, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. society is facing is represented by infertility amongst young women. This condition can be caused by a myriad of pathologies, most noticeable of them being tubal occ lusion, endometritis, vaginitis and ischemia of the ovaries leading to oocyte loss and damage towards the female reproductive organs, which eventually could lead to worse outcomes regarding fecund ity rate. An adjuvant method could be the usage of therapeutical ozone. In small therapeutic doses o zone possesses the ability to dampen the chronic inflammatory response. Aim of study. Ozone therapy may be proposed as a complementary method for fertility treatments incorporated in pre-conceiving preparation. Methods and materials. To achieve the objective, the initial search of the speci alized scientific literature, identified by the search engine Google Scholar and fr om the databases PubMed, NihGov was performed. The publications were selected according to the following keywords: “female reproductive health”, “fertility”, “ozone therapy”, “inflammation”. After processing the information in the databases, we selected all publications in English startin g with January 2019. Results. Following the conditions mentioned beforehand, a poor prognosis re garding female fertility might be concluded, yet the usage of therapeutic ozone might combat post pathologica l sequelae, thus reducing the infertility rate. The following mechanisms were propos ed as ozone’s effects on female reproductive organs: anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, fungici dal and virucidal, antioxidant effect, etc. In proximal obstruction, ozone has the potency to dissolve the m ucus plug due to its oxidative properties yet preserving the healthy mucosal lineage of the s alpinx. In distal tubule blockage that is caused mostly by bacterial infections, ozone can exert its ba ctericidal effects and reduce the bacterial titer, reduce inflammation by stimulation of IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, reducing IL-6, TNF-alpha and IFgamma, reducing the oedema and facilitate the regenerative process of the salpinx. Regarding endometriosis and vaginitis, treatment and convalescence ma y be difficult. Ozone therapy might be used as a direct virucidal factor. In a 2019 study, 100 percent of infection s with mycoplasmosis and chlamydiosis were eradicated. 13 out of 30 instances of ureaplasmosis an d nineteen out of 21 cases of gardnerellesis were successfully treated. Out of 7 patients, 5 we re cured of their CMV infection and herpes simplex. After three months of receiving ozone therapy in its entirety, eight out of fifty infertile women became pregnant. Conclusion. Gynecological diseases have a paramount influence on reducing fe rtility rate in young females, thus a methodical treatment and prophylaxis approach should be undertaken. The use of therapeutical ozone may facilitate the recovery process and i mprove the chances of experiencing potential pregnancy, because of its vasodilator, antioxidant and anti-i nflammatory actions.