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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12710/2992
Title: Aspecte clinice şi terapeutice ale granulomului inelar la copii
Other Titles: Clinical and therapeutic aspects of granuloma annulare in children
Authors: Fiodorova, Nina
Chitic, Rodica
Sturza, Vasile
Rubanovici, Dumitru
Emeţ, Iulia
Grib, Elena
Keywords: granuloma annulare;children;particularities of evolution
Issue Date: 2016
Publisher: Ministerul Sănătăţii al Republicii Moldova, Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”
Citation: FIODOROVA, Nina, CHITIC, Rodica, STURZA, Vasile, et al. Aspecte clinice şi terapeutice ale granulomului inelar la copii = Clinical and therapeutic aspects of granuloma annulare in children. In: Curierul Medical. 2016, vol. 59, no 3, p. 59. ISSN 1875-0666.
Abstract: Generalităţi. Granulomul inelar este o dermatoză cronică, inflamatorie, benignă, afectând în 2/3 din cazuri, copii și adolescenţi, cu predilecţie sexul feminin (raportul feminin/masculin fi ind de 2/1). În 85% cazuri, are un caracter localizat și o evoluţie sub 2 ani. Maladia a fost descrisă primar de Colcott-Fox în 1895. Obiective. Evaluarea particularităţilor clinico-evolutive şi de tratament ale granulomului inelar la copii. Material şi metode. Studiul clinic retrospectiv a cuprins 27 de copii (fete/băieţi – 19/8; rural/urban – 15/12) cu granulom inelar, trataţi în spitalul Dermatologie și Maladii Comunicabile, pe parcursul anilor 2008-2016. S-au luat în consideraţie datele clinico-evolutive, paraclinice şi cele de tratament. Rezultate. Vârsta medie a pacienţilor a constituit 5,2 ani. Conform vârstei, bolnavii au fost repartizaţi în felul următor: până la 1 an – 1 caz; 1-4 ani – 15 cazuri; 5-8 ani – 4 cazuri; 9-12 ani – 3 cazuri; 13-15 ani – 4 cazuri. Durata maladiei a oscilat între 2 săptămâni şi 4 ani. Maladiile concomitente intercurente semnalate: infecţii respiratorii acute – 4 cazuri; dermatită alergică postmedicamentoasă, tonzilită cronică în acutizare – câte 2 cazuri; enterobioză intestinală, varicelă, boala Lyme – câte 1 caz. Dintre alţi factori declanşatori posibili ai dermatozei au fost suspectaţi: traume – 2 cazuri; medicamente (antibiotice, antiinfl amatoare nesteroidiene, antiseptice) – 5 cazuri; proba intradermală cu tuberculină – 1 caz. La 2 fraţi, s-au constatat cazuri familiale de granulom inelar. Forma localizată de granulom inelar s-a evidenţiat la 17 pacienti, iar cea diseminată – la 10 (2-6 plăci) pacienţi. Localizarea leziunilor cutanate a fost asimetrică şi diversă: membre inferioare – 18 (faţa dorsală – 10, gambe – 5, genunchi – 2, coapse – 1), membre superioare – 6 (dosul mâinilor – 3, antebraţe – 2, coate – 1), trunchi – 3 cazuri. Examenul obiectiv a evidenţiat papule sau noduli mici, de culoare roz-liliachie, ferme, lipsite de semne subiective, grupate în inele, cu evoluţie centrifugă, placardele fi ind de dimensiuni de la 2-5 cm până la 8-10 cm în diametru. Din investigaţiile paraclinice remarcăm: anemie – 2 cazuri, leucocitoză – 6 cazuri, VSH crescut – 9 cazuri, enterobioză intestinală – 1 caz. Pacienţii au fost consultaţi de medici specialişti (ftiziopulmonolog, reumatolog, endocrinolog) pentru a exclude şi alte patologii. Examenul histopalogic al leziunilor a evidenţiat (8 cazuri) prezenţa unui infi ltrat granulos dermic slab (prevalent histiocitar); un epiderm nemodifi cat; plaje mai mult sau mai puţin întinse de colagen în suferinţă, cu fragmentarea, omogenizarea şi degenerescenţa fi brinoidă a benzilor acestuia. Tratamentul s-a efectuat în cure şi a inclus: vitamina A, vasodilatatoare (acid nicotinic, pentoxifi lină etc.), pansamente oclusive cu dermatocorticoizi (Advantan, Elocom, Dermovate), masaje cu azot lichid (10 sedinţe), ultrasunet asociat cu unguente vasodilatatoare (6-8 şedinţe). Durata medie a tratamentului a constituit 12-15 zile. Majoritatea bolnavilor au benificiat de 1-2 cure consecutive de tratament, la un interval de 1-2 luni. Vindecarea clinică s-a constatat la 25 de pacienţi, inclusiv 8 pacienţi au administrat o cură de tratament, 2 cure – 10 pacienţi, 3-4 cure – 5 pacienţi şi 5-6 cure – 4 pacienţi. Concluzii. Cea mai frecventă formă de granulom inelar se dovedeşte a fi cea constatată în 2/3 din cazuri la sexul feminin şi, în jumătate din cazuri, la copiii mici (1-4 ani), cu localizări pe membrele inferioare. Asocierea granulomului inelar cu boli interne (diabet zaharat, boli autoimune, maligne, limfo-proliferative etc.) nu s-a constatat, excepţie fi ind un caz de boală Lyme. De menţionat, efi cacitatea tratamentului combinat (topic, crioterapie, general) în cure repetate consecutive.
Overview. The granuloma annulare is a benign inflammatory chronic dermatitis that in two thirds of cases affecting children and adolescents, prevailing in females (ratio female / male, being 2/1), having in 85% of cases a located character and evolving less than 2 years. The disease was described primarily by Colcott-Fox in 1895. Objectives. Evaluation of the particularities of clinical course and treatment of the granuloma annulare in children. Materials and methods. Retrospective clinical study included 27 children (girls / boys-19/8; rural / urban-15/12) with granuloma annulare, hospitalized in the Dermatology and Communicable Diseases Hospital, during the years 2008-2016. Evolving clinical data, laboratory tests and treatment have been taken into account. Results. The average age was 5,2 years. Patients were divided by age as follows: up to 1 year – 1 case; 1-4 years – 15 cases; 5-8 years – 4 cases; 9-12 years – 3 cases; 13 to 15 years – 4 cases. 15 were from rural areas, 12 children from the urban areas. Disease duration varied from 2 weeks to 4 years.  Intercurrent accompanying diseases were reported: acute respiratory infections – 4 cases; allergic dermatitis adverse drug reactions, chronic tonsillitis in acute worsening – 2 cases of each; intestinal enterobius, chickenpox, Lyme disease – 1 case of each. Among other possible triggers of dermatitis were suspected: trauma in 2 cases; medicines (antibiotics, NSAIDs, antiseptics) – 5 cases; intradermal test with tuberculin- 1 case. At two brothers were observed familial cases of granuloma annulare. Localized form of the annulare granuloma was revealed in 17 patients, and the disseminated form – 10 (2-6 plates) patients. Asymmetric localization of skin lesions was diverse, namely, lower limbs – 18 (dorsal side – 10; legs – 5; knee – 2; hip – 1); upper limbs – 6 (dorsal of the hands – 3; forearms – 2; elbows – 1). Local examination reveals papules or small nodules, by lilac pink colour, firm, without any subjective signs, divided into rings with a centrifugal evolution, the size of the plaques was from 2.5 cm to 10.8 cm in diameter. From clinical investigations we note: anemia – 2 cases, leukocytosis – 6 cases; increased ESR – 9 cases; intestinal enterobius – 1 case. The patients were consulted by specialist physicians (pulmonologist, rheumatologist, endocrinologist) to exclude other pathologies. Histopathology revealed lesions (8 cases): the presence of a weak dermal infi ltrate granular (histiocytic prevalence); epidermis unchanged; areas with  more or less extensive damaging of collagen, fragmentation, homogenization and fi brinoid degeneration of its bands. The treatment was carried out in the course, including: Vitamin A, vasodilators (nicotinic acid, pentoxifylline, etc.), occlusive dressing with topical corticosteroid (Advantan, Elocom, Dermovate), massages with liquid nitrogen (10 sessions), ultrasound associated with vasodilator unguents (6-8 sessions). Average duration of treatment was 12-15 days. Most patients received 1-2 consecutive treatment cycles with intervals of 1-2 months. The clinical healing has been found in 25 patients, including: a course of treatment 8 patients received, 2 cycles – 10 patients, 3-4 cures – 5 patients, 5-6 cures – 4 patients. Conclusions. The most frequent form of granuloma annulare proves to be a locazed form, found in two thirds of cases in female patients, and in half of cases in young children (1-4 years) localized on the lower limbs. The association of granuloma annulare with internal diseases (diabetes mellitus, autoimmune diseases, malignant, lympho-proliferative, etc.) was not found, the exception being a case of Lyme disease. It is mentioned, the effectiveness of combination therapy (topical, cryotherapy, general) in consecutive repeated courses.
metadata.dc.relation.ispartof: Curierul Medical: Congresul V Naţional de Dermatologie cu participare internaţională, 9-11 iunie 2016, Chişinău, Republica Moldova
URI: http://repository.usmf.md/handle/20.500.12710/2992
http://moldmedjournal.md/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Cm-3-PDF-1.pdf
ISSN: 1857-0666
Appears in Collections:Curierul Medical, 2016, Vol. 59, No 3

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