Informing the population on the quality and composition of bottled drinking water

Abstract

Introduction In the Republic of Moldova, the consumption of bottled drinking water has experienced a constant increase in the last decade, driven by increasing concerns about the quality and safety of water supplied through the public supply system. Problems related to microbiological and chemical contamination of drinking water sources, influenced by insufficient infrastructure updating and the appearance of agricultural and industrial pollutants, have generated high confidence in bottled water. At the same time, national regulations on the physicochemical parameters of drinking water and labeling requirements have evolved, which requires an updated analysis of the chemical composition of the waters available on the Moldovan market. The evaluation of these parameters is essential both for consumer health and for correctly informing the population about mineral intake and potential risks associated with long-term consumption. Aim of the study To assess the level of information of the population regarding the quality of bottled drinking water, as well as promote better consumer information regarding the choice of bottled drinking water. Material and methods The study was a descriptive cross-sectional one, by applying an instrument that allowed the collection of the population's opinions on the quality of bottled drinking water. A questionnaire validated and previously tested in a pilot study was used. The study included a sample of 1575 participants. Results In the research, the questionnaire was completed by 65.5% women, and 65% of the respondents came from urban areas. Analyzing the level of information of the population, it was found that 61.6% of the participants are aware of the quality of the bottled drinking water they consume. Regarding the chemical composition of the water, 53.7% of the respondents stated that bottled drinking water contains mineral substances, and 69.7% believe that this information should be clear and visible on the packaging label. Regarding the choice of bottled drinking water, the minerals that influence consumers' decisions are, in descending order, magnesium (Mg) – 41.9%, calcium (Ca) – 36.6%, potassium (K) – 33%, and sodium (Na) – 30.4%. In addition, 37.3% of participants estimate that the pH value of bottled water is between 6.5 and 8.5, while 26.4% of them are not familiar with this characteristic. Conclusion The results highlight a variable level of public awareness regarding the quality and composition of bottled drinking water. Although some respondents demonstrated basic knowledge, important gaps in understanding were identified, emphasizing the need for additional educational and informational measures to improve awareness and support informed consumer choices.