Эпидемиология опухолей головного мозга в Кыргызcкой Реcпублике: популяционное иccледование

Abstract

Опухоли головного мозга представляют значительный интерес из-за высокой смертности и возрастающих усилий для обеспечения адекватной медицинской помощи. Целью настоящей работы было изучение встречаемости опухолей головного мозга в Кыргызской Республике. Основываясь на данных разных источников (данные компьютерно-томографического и магнитно-резонансного исследований, гистологического исследования) ретроспективно идентифицировано 886 пациентов из Кыргызстана с опухолями головного мозга за период с 2005 по 2007 гг. было проведено популяционное исследование. Изучены различия типов опухолей, возрастные и половые особенности. Более частыми первичными опухолями были нейроэпителиальные опухоли (53,5%), менингеальные опухоли (19,5%) и опухоли турецкого седла (16,5%). Групповая встречаемость первичных и вторичных опухолей головного мозга составила 30,3 и 28,3 на 100 тысяч населения соответственно. Около 50% пациентов с вторичными опухолями головного мозга имели рак легкого. Встречаемость первичных и вторичных опухолей головного мозга заметно возрастает с увеличением возраста больных. Менингеальные опухоли чаще встречались у лиц женского пола. Данное исследование показывает, что встречаемость опухолей головного мозга в Кыргызстане значительно выше, чем это ожидалось. Опухоли головного мозга являются основными причинами заболеваемости и смертности в Кыргызстане, и дальнейшие исследования этиологических факторов и совершенствование их лечения необходимы.

Brain tumours cause considerable concern due to a high mortality and there are increasing efforts to provide adequate care. The goal of this study was to determine the incidence of brain tumours in Kyrgyz Republic. A population based study was performed. Patients from Kyrgyz Republic with incident intracranial tumours diagnosed in 2005 and 2007 (by CT, MRI or histology) were identified retrospectively using multiple sources. Differences in incidence by tumour type, age and sex were examined. Eight hundred and eighty four patients with incident brain tumours were identified (456 primary tumours and 428 secondary tumours). The commonest primary tumours were neuroepithelial tumours (53.5%), meningeal tumours (19.5%), and sellar tumours (16.5%). The crude yearly incidences of primary and secondary tumours were 30.3 and 28.3 per 100 000 respectively. About 50% of patients with secondary tumours had an underlying lung cancer. The incidence of primary and secondary tumours increased markedly with age. Meningeal tumours were more common in women. This study shows that the incidence of intracranial tumours in Kyrgyz Republic is considerably higher than previously thought. Brain tumours are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Kyrgyz Republic, and further research into their aetiology and treatment is urgently required.

Brain tumours cause considerable concern due to a high mortality and there are increasing efforts to provide adequate care. The goal of this study was to determine the incidence of brain tumours in Kyrgyz Republic. A population based study was performed. Patients from Kyrgyz Republic with incident intracranial tumours diagnosed in 2005 and 2007 (by CT, MRI or histology) were identified retrospectively using multiple sources. Differences in incidence by tumour type, age and sex were examined. Eight hundred and eighty four patients with incident brain tumours were identified (456 primary tumours and 428 secondary tumours). The commonest primary tumours were neuroepithelial tumours (53.5%), meningeal tumours (19.5%), and sellar tumours (16.5%). The crude yearly incidences of primary and secondary tumours were 30.3 and 28.3 per 100 000 respectively. About 50% of patients with secondary tumours had an underlying lung cancer. The incidence of primary and secondary tumours increased markedly with age. Meningeal tumours were more common in women. This study shows that the incidence of intracranial tumours in Kyrgyz Republic is considerably higher than previously thought. Brain tumours are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Kyrgyz Republic, and further research into their aetiology and treatment is urgently required.