Hygienic estimation of the current pesticide application system in the Republic of Moldova

Abstract

Introduction. The use of pesticides in the current conditions reveals the serious hygienic problems of the population's health. The situation is particularly precarious in the rural sector, where the pesticides are used and where more than half of the country's population lives.Purpose. Hygienic evaluation of the current system of pesticides application, evaluation of pesticides assortment and the health impact on the population of the Republic of Moldova, as well as development of measures to reduce their negative action.Material and methods The evaluation of the pesticides application level was performed by analyzing the statistical data "Report on health and epidemiological status" F-18, "Report on the stock and use of plant protection products" f-2/e and f-10 / e. Results. It was established that in the national economy in 2018, 838 phytosanitary products were applied (74.7% of all approved pesticides) (fig.1), their total quantity being 2063.7 tons. The quantity of pesticides use is presented in fig.2. The level of pesticide use was 1.3 kg/ha. More commonly used were fungicides (297-35%), herbicides (265-32%) and insecticides (202-24%) (fig.3). As a result of estimating the morbidity of the population, there was a high frequency of tumors, diseases of the circulatory and respiratory system. The Public Health Surveillance Service monitors the pesticide management system in the context of reducing risks to public health.Conclusions. Hygienic assessment of pesticide use processes, elaboration and implementation of preventive measures are a priority in reducing health risks.