Implant-prosthetic treatment in total edentatulism

Abstract

Purpose. The aim of this of work is to determine the effectiveness of different methods of treatment and final restoration using a general satisfaction and masticatory efficiency after collecting data from through questionnaires. Although the edentulism rate is decreasing every decade, the elderly population is rising so rapidly that the adult population in need of one or two complete dentures will actually increase. Introduction. Material and methods. For this study were examined specialized manuals, articles from national and international medical sources, were selected 20 patients aged between 52 and 74 years completely edentulous who were rehabilitated with various prosthetic remedies. Of all these patients, 10 of them were non-smokers, 7 patients smokes <10 cigarettes per day and 3 patients smokes >10 cigarettes per day. All of the patients has none of chronic patology. Exclusion criteria: persons with partial or extended partial edentulism, a history of systemic diseases, alcohol or drug abuse, immune compromised status, psychiatric disorders, pregnancy or lactation, uncontrolled periodontal disease. The study was performed for a period of 18 months and included questionnaires of satisfaction and masticatory efficiency. Different questionnaires of mastication and general satisfaction were made after treatment. Total edentation is the pathological absence of all teeth on the both of dental arches. Thus, it is considered a serious pathological condition of the dento-maxillary apparatus, affecting the basic functions performed by them (mastication, physiognomy, phonation) with consequences for the entire human body. Results. Mobile prostheses, fixed screwed prostheses on implants and fixed cemented prostheses on implants were chosen as treatment methods. Thus, following the study, the lowest degree of satisfaction and chewing was received by mobile prostheses, with a percentage of 50% general satisfaction and 40% of masticatory. An equal degree was present in fixed prostheses on implants by screwing and cementing, with differences of less than 10%. The percentage of satisfaction and mastication was 90%, while for implant supported overdenture was 70% of masticatory efficiency. Conclusions. Implant-prosthetic restoration is the rehabilitation of election in the treatment of total edentulousness, with impressive results, fully restoring the stomatognathic system and its functions.