Încărcarea imediată a implantelor dentare endoosoase vis-a-vis de cea întârziată

Abstract

Introduction. Implant supported-prosthesis treatment has important place in dentistry, both in terms of morpho-functional and aesthetic, which has a major contribution in enhancing quality of life by restoring the affected functions of the stomatognathic system. In the last decade implant therapy developed as a result of revolutionizing biomaterials and fundamental research on the phenomenon of osseointegration of dental implants. Purpose. Optimizing the treatment of partial edentia with implant supportedrestorations. Material and methods. We applied the retrospective, cohort prognosis. Between 15 January 2018 and 16 January 2020, according to the protocols were examined 20 patients (10 women, 10 men) aged between 20 and 59 years, who were divided 2 groups: study and control. Were inserted 49 endosseous dental implants Alpha-Bio type in upper and lower jaw, the size of 11.5-16 mm and diameters from 3.75-5mm. Dental implants in the study group were solved by implant supportedprosthesis without acrilyc crowns (provisional) and the control group was applied standard method (without using provisional crowns). Following indices were studied: the thickness of keratinized gingiva after healing, stability endosseous dental implants (secondary). Statistical analysis was performed by the mean value and standard error indications and Student's t test Mann Whitney test (p <0.05). Results. All implants were successfully integrated. The thick of the gingiva (phenotype) was 4.93 ± 0,26 mm in the study group and 2.64 ± 0,25 mm in the control group (p> 0.05). It was revealed a negative correlation between the thickness of the lining and mucosal recession and subsequently established radiographic bone resorption. The average values were Periotestului -4.8 ± 0.31 (study), and -5.5 ± 0.13 (control) (p> 0.05). Indices of Mann Whitney test and paired Student t-test showed no statistical difference between groups. Conclusions. Implant supported-prosthesis treatment, have many advantages: restoring the integrity of dental arches, do not prepare intact teeth bordering the gap, halting dental migration in vertical and horizontal plane, restoring masticatory activity, balancing psycho- emotional status.