Bipolar affective disorder. Clinical-diagnostic particularities

Abstract

Introduction Bipolar affective disorder is a dramatic form of manifestations of affective disorder. The disease is characterized by manic/hypomanic and depressive episodes at the same patient in 20-25% of cases. In 75% patients develop depressive episodes (90% cases), or expansive episodes (10% cases). Purpose Highlighting the clinical-evolutionary features of bipolar affective disorders. Material and methods We analyzed 50 literature sources, published in the last 5 years in order to highlight the clinical-evolutionary features of bipolar affective disorder. Results: Incidence of bipolar disorder is approximately 1.2% new male cases/year and 1.8% new female cases/year. In DSM-V-TR are described different subtypes of bipolar affective disorder. The prevalence of bipolar disorders during life is: bipolar disorder type I – 0.4 - 1.6%; type II – approx. 5%; Type I or II, with rapid cycling – 5 - 15% (from the total of bipolar patients); cyclothymic disorder – 0.4 - 1.0%. Conclusions 1) Bipolars were diagnosed with an average of 3.5 other clinical diagnoses. 2) Depending on the intensity of the symptoms it is recommended monotherapy with thymostabilizers. 3) Inadequate treatment leads to reduction in the duration of intermissions and increase in the frequency of relapses.