Ocular and systemic complications in patients with diabetus melitus

Abstract

Actualities The problem of ocular and systemic complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type II, which lead to blindness, invalidation and frequently death, involves doctors of different specialties. The main problem in DM, for both patients and doctors, are his complications, especially vascular complications, which is one of the principal cause of death in developed countries ( in USA – IV place). Meanwhile, DM is the principal cause of blindness in the population aged 20-74 years, in developed countries. A patient suffering of DM with a duration of 25 years, more frequent develops blindness, 17 times – the pathology of the kidney, 20 times more frequent the gangrene, ischemic disease – x2 in men, x4 in women, 7 times – the vascular accident, of 30-40 times – it is achieved the amputation [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. Purpose The analyze of the complex investigations of the patients with DM type II in order to determine ocular and systemic complications. Material and methods, discussion As a result of analyzing the investigations of 121 patients with DM type II, it was determined: only ocular complications were in 24.8% of patients, 10.7% - men, 14% - women. Cardiac complications were more frequent in women (5% - women, 1.6% - men). Much more often the ocular complication was combined with the cardiac pathology (51.2%) and predominates in women’s group (29.8%), (21.5% - men). Rarely (7.4%), the ocular complications were combined with both cardiac and vascular problems. Consequently, ocular and systemic complications, and their combinations were determined in almost all the patients (117 of 121) – 96.7%, with an unessential difference in men and women (96.1% and 97.1%).At the same time, the ocular complications in patients from the main group were about 87.6%, almost identically in men (88.2%) and women (87.1%). Analyzing different age groups of patients with ocular and systemic complications, it was determined that more frequent they involve patients aged 45-64 years: 52.9% men, 52.8% - women; rarely elderly: 29.4% - men, 32.8% - women. The ocular complications in patients younger than 44 years were rarely, especially in women (5.9% - men, 1.4% - women). Conclution The ocular and systemic complications and their combination affect almost all patients with DM type II (96.7%), with variations depending on age and sex.